PMID- 12864750
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030826
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 0001-6772 (Print)
IS  - 0001-6772 (Linking)
VI  - 178
IP  - 4
DP  - 2003 Aug
TI  - Regulatory mechanisms in the interaction between carbohydrate and lipid oxidation 
      during exercise.
PG  - 443-52
AB  - At the onset of exercise, signals from inside and outside the muscle cell 
      increase the availability of carbohydrate (CHO) and fat to provide the fuel 
      required for ATP production. CHO and fat oxidation are the dominant sources of 
      aerobic ATP production and both pathways must be heavily upregulated during 
      exercise to meet the increased energy demand. Within this paradigm, there is room 
      for shifts between the proportion of energy that is provided from CHO and fat. It 
      has long been known that increasing the availability of endogenous or exogenous 
      CHO can increase the oxidation of CHO and decrease the oxidation of fat. The 
      opposite is also true. While descriptive studies documenting these changes are 
      numerous, the mechanisms regulating these shifts in fuel use in the face of 
      constant energy demand have not been thoroughly elucidated. It would be expected, 
      for example, that any fat-induced shift in CHO metabolism would target the 
      enzymes that play key roles in regulating CHO metabolism and oxidation. Inside 
      the muscle these could include glucose uptake (GLUT4) and phosphorylation 
      (hexokinase), glycogenolysis (glycogen phosphorylase), glycolysis 
      (phosphofructokinase) and conversion to acetyl CoA (pyruvate dehydrogenase). The 
      same would be expected for a CHO-induced down regulation of fat metabolism and 
      oxidation and might target transport of long chain fatty acids into the cell 
      (fatty acid translocase CD36), release of fatty acids from intramuscular 
      triacylglycerol (hormone sensitive lipase) and transport into the mitochondria 
      (carnitine palmitoyl transferase complex). This review summarizes the work 
      describing the interaction between CHO and fat metabolism in human skeletal 
      muscle during exercise and presents the theories that may account for CHO/fat 
      interaction during exercise.
FAU - Spriet, L L
AU  - Spriet LL
AD  - Department of Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 
      Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Watt, M J
AU  - Watt MJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Acta Physiol Scand
JT  - Acta physiologica Scandinavica
JID - 0370362
RN  - 0 (Fats)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Nonesterified)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase)
RN  - 0U46U6E8UK (NAD)
RN  - EC 2.7.- (Protein Kinases)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Carbohydrate Metabolism
MH  - Energy Metabolism
MH  - Exercise/*physiology
MH  - Fats/metabolism
MH  - Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism
MH  - Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/metabolism
MH  - *Lipid Metabolism
MH  - Mitochondria/metabolism
MH  - NAD/metabolism
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Protein Kinases/metabolism
MH  - Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
MH  - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase
RF  - 60
EDAT- 2003/07/17 05:00
MHDA- 2003/08/27 05:00
CRDT- 2003/07/17 05:00
PHST- 2003/07/17 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/08/27 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/07/17 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 1152 [pii]
AID - 10.1046/j.1365-201X.2003.01152.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Physiol Scand. 2003 Aug;178(4):443-52. doi: 
      10.1046/j.1365-201X.2003.01152.x.