PMID- 1320193
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19920806
LR  - 20210526
IS  - 0270-7306 (Print)
IS  - 1098-5549 (Electronic)
IS  - 0270-7306 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 7
DP  - 1992 Jul
TI  - RAR gamma 2 expression is regulated through a retinoic acid response element 
      embedded in Sp1 sites.
PG  - 2976-85
AB  - At the level of transcription, all signals of the vitamin A derivative retinoic 
      acid (RA) are mediated by the RA receptors (RARs) as well as the retinoid X 
      receptors (RXRs). The control of expression of the various receptor subtypes and 
      their specific isoforms appears to be strictly regulated and can be assumed to 
      play a pivotal role during development and in the adult tissue. It has previously 
      been shown that the RAR beta 2 isoform can regulate its own synthesis through an 
      RA response element (RARE) in its promoter. Recent evidence suggests that the 
      expression of other RAR isoforms, including that of RAR gamma 2, are also 
      regulated by RA. We present evidence that expression of the RAR gamma 2 isoform 
      can be regulated through the RARE in its own promoter region. Similar to the beta 
      2 RARE, the gamma 2 RARE consists of a 6-bp direct repeat with a 5-nucleotide 
      spacer, but it has different functional features, including receptor specificity, 
      basal-level activity, and affinity for RAR. In agreement with recent 
      observations, this response element is bound most effectively by RAR/RXR 
      heterodimers. Single-base-pair mutations had different effects on the activity of 
      this RARE. The gamma 2 RARE is surrounded by several binding sites for the 
      transcription factor Sp1. Cotransfected Sp1 enhanced strongly the activity of 
      gamma 2 promoter reporter constructs in Drosophila cells. Our data suggest an 
      important role for RAR-containing heterodimers and Sp1 in the regulation of RAR 
      gamma 2 expression.
FAU - Lehmann, J M
AU  - Lehmann JM
AD  - Cancer Center, La Jolla Cancer Research Foundation, California 92037.
FAU - Zhang, X K
AU  - Zhang XK
FAU - Pfahl, M
AU  - Pfahl M
LA  - eng
SI  - GENBANK/X57280
GR  - CA 50676/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - CA 51993/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Mol Cell Biol
JT  - Molecular and cellular biology
JID - 8109087
RN  - 0 (Carrier Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Retinoic Acid)
RN  - 0 (Sp1 Transcription Factor)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Binding Sites
MH  - Carrier Proteins/biosynthesis/*genetics
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - DNA Mutational Analysis
MH  - Genetic Variation
MH  - Humans
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Promoter Regions, Genetic/*genetics
MH  - Receptors, Retinoic Acid
MH  - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
MH  - Sp1 Transcription Factor/*metabolism
MH  - Transcription, Genetic
MH  - Transcriptional Activation
PMC - PMC364511
EDAT- 1992/07/01 00:00
MHDA- 1992/07/01 00:01
PMCR- 1992/07/01
CRDT- 1992/07/01 00:00
PHST- 1992/07/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1992/07/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1992/07/01 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1992/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1128/mcb.12.7.2976-2985.1992 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Jul;12(7):2976-85. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.7.2976-2985.1992.