PMID- 1356159
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19921019
LR  - 20200724
IS  - 0022-538X (Print)
IS  - 1098-5514 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-538X (Linking)
VI  - 66
IP  - 10
DP  - 1992 Oct
TI  - Staphylococcal exotoxin superantigens induce human immunodeficiency virus type 1 
      expression in naturally infected CD4+ T cells.
PG  - 5924-8
AB  - A high proportion of Staphylococcus aureus strains of human origin produce one or 
      more exotoxins. In vivo, these toxins may give rise to a variety of clinical 
      syndromes. In vitro, staphylococcal exotoxins have been shown to bind both to 
      human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells and 
      to the T-cell receptors on large fractions of T cells. The result of this 
      interaction may be proliferation of the T cells, T-cell anergy, or apoptosis, 
      depending on several factors, including the state of the responding cells and the 
      presence of accessory molecules. Using naturally infected peripheral blood 
      mononuclear cells depleted of CD8+ T cells, we have shown that staphylococcal 
      exotoxins are powerful inducers of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression 
      and that they induce expression at low concentrations and with greater efficiency 
      than other T-cell mitogens. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 was produced 
      entirely by CD4+ T cells in this model; monocytes were expendable both as a 
      source of virus and as a source of HLA class II molecules as long as other cells 
      expressing HLA class II molecules were present. The results suggest that 
      infection by S. aureus may be a cofactor in the immunopathogenesis of AIDS.
FAU - Brinchmann, J E
AU  - Brinchmann JE
AD  - Institute of Transplantation Immunology, National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Gaudernack, G
AU  - Gaudernack G
FAU - Thorsby, E
AU  - Thorsby E
FAU - Vartdal, F
AU  - Vartdal F
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Virol
JT  - Journal of virology
JID - 0113724
RN  - 0 (Exotoxins)
RN  - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class II)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications
MH  - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology/immunology/*microbiology
MH  - Cell Division
MH  - Exotoxins/*immunology
MH  - Flow Cytometry
MH  - HIV-1/*physiology
MH  - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/biosynthesis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Staphylococcal Infections/complications
MH  - Staphylococcus aureus/*metabolism
MH  - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology
MH  - Virus Replication
PMC - PMC241469
EDAT- 1992/10/01 00:00
MHDA- 1992/10/01 00:01
PMCR- 1992/10/01
CRDT- 1992/10/01 00:00
PHST- 1992/10/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1992/10/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1992/10/01 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1992/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1128/JVI.66.10.5924-5928.1992 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Virol. 1992 Oct;66(10):5924-8. doi: 10.1128/JVI.66.10.5924-5928.1992.