PMID- 1371827
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19920408
LR  - 20190702
IS  - 0027-5107 (Print)
IS  - 0027-5107 (Linking)
VI  - 271
IP  - 1
DP  - 1992 Feb
TI  - Micronucleated reticulocyte induction by ethylating agents in mice.
PG  - 29-37
AB  - Six model ethylating agents were tested for clastogenic potency by means of a new 
      technique of the micronucleus assay with mouse peripheral blood cells using 
      acridine orange (AO)-coated slides, to evaluate the test. The alkylating agents 
      were: N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG), N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), 
      diethylsulfate (DES), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), epichlorohydrin (ECH) and 
      ethylene dibromide (EDB). The animals were given a single intraperitoneal 
      injection of the following doses of the chemicals: ENNG and ENU, 25, 50 and 100 
      mg/kg; EMS and DES, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. For EDB and ECH, the 
      doses were 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, given twice, 24 h apart. Before and after the 
      injection, blood samples were taken from the tails at 24-h intervals up to 72 h 
      and preparations were made on AO-coated slides. For each dose group, 4 animals 
      were used and 1000 reticulocytes were examined per slide for the presence of 
      micronuclei. At the optimum induction time of 48 h, ENU induced micronucleated 
      reticulocytes (MNRETs) at all 3 doses. ENNG and EMS induced MNRETs significantly 
      at 2 dose levels each and DES only at the highest dose. ECH and EDB failed to 
      induce MNRETs. On the basis of the dose of chemical needed to double the 
      spontaneous frequency, the order of clastogenic potency was ENU greater than ENNG 
      greater than EMS greater than DES. The results obtained compared favorably with 
      those from other in vivo methods. The present technique proves to be simple, 
      flexible and relatively sensitive. Shifts in the optimum induction peak in 
      individual animals and by some chemicals can be picked up easily which is 
      important when testing weak mutagens and chemicals with an unknown mechanism of 
      action.
FAU - Asita, A O
AU  - Asita AO
AD  - Division of Genetics and Mutagenesis, National Institute of Hygienic Sciences, 
      Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Hayashi, M
AU  - Hayashi M
FAU - Kodama, Y
AU  - Kodama Y
FAU - Matsuoka, A
AU  - Matsuoka A
FAU - Suzuki, T
AU  - Suzuki T
FAU - Sofuni, T
AU  - Sofuni T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Mutat Res
JT  - Mutation research
JID - 0400763
RN  - 0 (Alkylating Agents)
RN  - 0 (Sulfuric Acid Esters)
RN  - 08OOR508C0 (Epichlorohydrin)
RN  - 12H3O2UGSF (Methylnitronitrosoguanidine)
RN  - 1N41638RNO (Ethylene Dibromide)
RN  - 4245-77-6 (ENNG)
RN  - 9H154DI0UP (Ethyl Methanesulfonate)
RN  - K0FO4VFA7I (diethyl sulfate)
RN  - P8M1T4190R (Ethylnitrosourea)
SB  - IM
CIN - Mutat Res. 1992 Oct;272(2):193. PMID: 1383751
MH  - Alkylating Agents/*toxicity
MH  - Animals
MH  - Epichlorohydrin/toxicity
MH  - Ethyl Methanesulfonate/toxicity
MH  - Ethylene Dibromide/toxicity
MH  - Ethylnitrosourea/toxicity
MH  - Evaluation Studies as Topic
MH  - Male
MH  - Methylnitronitrosoguanidine/analogs & derivatives/toxicity
MH  - Mice
MH  - Micronucleus Tests/*methods
MH  - *Reticulocytes/drug effects
MH  - Sulfuric Acid Esters/toxicity
EDAT- 1992/02/01 00:00
MHDA- 1992/02/01 00:01
CRDT- 1992/02/01 00:00
PHST- 1992/02/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1992/02/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1992/02/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 0165-1161(92)90029-L [pii]
AID - 10.1016/0165-1161(92)90029-l [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mutat Res. 1992 Feb;271(1):29-37. doi: 10.1016/0165-1161(92)90029-l.