PMID- 14502367
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040122
LR  - 20201208
IS  - 0100-879X (Print)
IS  - 0100-879X (Linking)
VI  - 36
IP  - 10
DP  - 2003 Oct
TI  - Pentoxifylline decreases tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 during high 
      tidal volume.
PG  - 1349-57
AB  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is one of the most important 
      proinflammatory cytokines which plays a central role in host defense and in the 
      acute inflammatory response related to tissue injury. The major source of 
      TNF-alpha are immune cells such as neutrophils and macrophages. We tested the 
      hypothesis that pentoxifylline, a methylxanthine derivative, down-regulates 
      proinflammatory cytokine expression during acute lung injury in rats. Male Wistar 
      rats weighing 250 to 450 g were anesthetized ip with 50 mg/kg sodium thiopental 
      and randomly divided into three groups: group 1 (N = 7): tidal volume (V T) = 7 
      ml/kg, respiratory rate (RR) = 50 breaths/min and normal saline infusion; group 2 
      (N = 7): V T = 42 ml/kg, RR = 9 breaths/min and normal saline infusion; group 3 
      (N = 7): V T = 42 ml/kg, RR = 9 breaths/min and pentoxifylline infusion. The 
      animals were ventilated with an inspired oxygen fraction of 1.0, a positive 
      end-expiratory pressure of 3 cmH2O, and normal saline or pentoxifylline injected 
      into the left femoral vein. The mRNA of TNF-alpha rapidly increased in the lung 
      tissue within 180 min of ventilation with a higher V T with normal saline 
      infusion. The concentrations of inflammatory mediators were decreased in plasma 
      and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the presence of higher V T with 
      pentoxifylline infusion (TNF-alpha: plasma, 102.2+/-90.9 and BAL, 118.2+/-82.1; 
      IL-1 : plasma, 45.2+/-42.7 and BAL, 50.2+/-34.9, P < 0.05). We conclude that 
      TNF-alpha produced by neutrophil influx may function as an alert signal in host 
      defense to induce production of other inflammatory mediators.
FAU - Oliveira-Junior, I S
AU  - Oliveira-Junior IS
AD  - Disciplina de Pneumologia, Departamento de Doencas Infecciosas e Parasitarias, 
      Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.
FAU - Pinheiro, B V
AU  - Pinheiro BV
FAU - Silva, I D C G
AU  - Silva ID
FAU - Salomao, R
AU  - Salomao R
FAU - Zollner, R L
AU  - Zollner RL
FAU - Beppu, O S
AU  - Beppu OS
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20030916
PL  - Brazil
TA  - Braz J Med Biol Res
JT  - Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de 
      pesquisas medicas e biologicas
JID - 8112917
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-1)
RN  - 0 (Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - SD6QCT3TSU (Pentoxifylline)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood Gas Analysis
MH  - Bronchoalveolar Lavage
MH  - Interleukin-1/*blood
MH  - Lung Volume Measurements
MH  - Male
MH  - Pentoxifylline/*pharmacology
MH  - Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/*pharmacology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Respiration, Artificial
MH  - Respiratory Distress Syndrome/*drug therapy
MH  - Tidal Volume
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*analysis/drug effects
EDAT- 2003/09/23 05:00
MHDA- 2004/01/24 05:00
CRDT- 2003/09/23 05:00
PHST- 2003/09/23 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/01/24 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/09/23 05:00 [entrez]
AID - S0100-879X2003001000011 [pii]
AID - 10.1590/s0100-879x2003001000011 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Braz J Med Biol Res. 2003 Oct;36(10):1349-57. doi: 
      10.1590/s0100-879x2003001000011. Epub 2003 Sep 16.