PMID- 14507998
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040130
LR  - 20220410
IS  - 1040-4651 (Print)
IS  - 1532-298X (Electronic)
IS  - 1040-4651 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 10
DP  - 2003 Oct
TI  - A nuclear protease required for flowering-time regulation in Arabidopsis reduces 
      the abundance of SMALL UBIQUITIN-RELATED MODIFIER conjugates.
PG  - 2308-19
AB  - The Arabidopsis mutant early in short days4 (esd4) shows extreme early flowering 
      and alterations in shoot development. We have identified ESD4 and demonstrate 
      that it encodes a nuclear protein located predominantly at the periphery of the 
      nucleus. ESD4 contains a segment of >200 amino acids with strong similarity to 
      yeast and animal proteases that are specific for the protein modifier SMALL 
      UBIQUITIN-RELATED MODIFIER (SUMO). ESD4 shows a similar function to these 
      proteases in vitro and processes the precursor of Arabidopsis SUMO (AtSUMO) to 
      generate the mature form. This activity of ESD4 is prevented by mutations that 
      affect the predicted active site of the protease or the cleavage site of the 
      AtSUMO precursor. In yeast, these proteases also recycle SUMO from conjugates, 
      and this appears to be the major role of ESD4 in vivo. This is suggested because 
      esd4 mutants contain less free AtSUMO and more SUMO conjugates than wild-type 
      plants, and a transgene expressing mature SUMO at high levels enhanced aspects of 
      the esd4 phenotype. ESD4 defines an important role for protein modification by 
      AtSUMO in the regulation of flowering.
FAU - Murtas, Giovanni
AU  - Murtas G
AD  - John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom.
FAU - Reeves, Paul H
AU  - Reeves PH
FAU - Fu, Yong-Fu
AU  - Fu YF
FAU - Bancroft, Ian
AU  - Bancroft I
FAU - Dean, Caroline
AU  - Dean C
FAU - Coupland, George
AU  - Coupland G
LA  - eng
SI  - GENBANK/AF149770
SI  - GENBANK/AF194031
SI  - GENBANK/AJ582719
SI  - GENBANK/AY035148
SI  - GENBANK/U33057
SI  - GENBANK/U67122
SI  - RefSeq/NC_001148
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20030924
PL  - England
TA  - Plant Cell
JT  - The Plant cell
JID - 9208688
RN  - 0 (Arabidopsis Proteins)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Plant)
RN  - 0 (SUMO protein, plant)
RN  - 0 (Ubiquitins)
RN  - EC 3.4.- (Endopeptidases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acid Sequence
MH  - Arabidopsis/*genetics
MH  - Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/*genetics
MH  - Cell Nucleus/enzymology
MH  - Cosmids
MH  - DNA, Plant/genetics
MH  - Endopeptidases/*metabolism
MH  - Flowers/*genetics
MH  - *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Plant Roots/genetics
MH  - Sequence Alignment
MH  - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
MH  - Ubiquitins/chemistry/*genetics
PMC - PMC197297
EDAT- 2003/09/26 05:00
MHDA- 2004/01/31 05:00
PMCR- 2004/10/01
CRDT- 2003/09/26 05:00
PHST- 2003/09/26 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/01/31 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/09/26 05:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2004/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - tpc.015487 [pii]
AID - 015487 [pii]
AID - 10.1105/tpc.015487 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Plant Cell. 2003 Oct;15(10):2308-19. doi: 10.1105/tpc.015487. Epub 2003 Sep 24.