PMID- 14524683
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040113
LR  - 20191026
IS  - 1093-4529 (Print)
IS  - 1093-4529 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 10
DP  - 2003
TI  - Aromatic amine degradation in a UASB/CSTR sequential system treating Congo Red 
      dye.
PG  - 2301-15
AB  - In this study an anaerobic (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor)/aerobic 
      (completely stirred tank reactor) sequential system was used to treat a synthetic 
      wastewater with minerals and co-substrate together with 100-4000 mg L(-1) of 
      Congo Red dye (Direct red 28) (CR), which is a banned azo dye in Turkey. The 
      effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the decolorization and the COD 
      removal efficiency was investigated at constant 100 mg L(-1) Congo Red 
      concentration. 77% of COD and 95% of color was removed at a HRT of 0.486 days and 
      a maximum organic loading rate of 6.656 kg COD m(-3) day(-1) in the 
      anaerobic/aerobic stage. In the continuous operations, 88% of COD, 99% of color 
      and 91% of total aromatic amine (TAA) were removed at a HRT of 3.60 days and at a 
      CR concentration of 4000 mg L(-1). This corresponds to an organic loading rate of 
      1.81 kg COD m(-3) day(-1), and a CR dye loading rate of 46.37 g dye m(-3) h(-1), 
      respectively, in the whole system. The TAA produced under anaerobic conditions 
      was ultimately removed in the aerobic stage, resulting in very low aromatic amine 
      recoveries (5-18%) in the last one. Therefore the aerobic effluents exhibited 
      higher IC50 and specific methanogenic activities (SMA) compared to anaerobic and 
      dye containing samples, indicating the reduced toxicity.
FAU - Isik, Mustafa
AU  - Isik M
AD  - Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Dokuz Eylul 
      University, Buca Kaynaklar Campus, Izmir, Turkey.
FAU - Sponza, Delia Teresa
AU  - Sponza DT
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng
JT  - Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & 
      environmental engineering
JID - 9812551
RN  - 0 (Amines)
RN  - 0 (Coloring Agents)
RN  - 3U05FHG59S (Congo Red)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amines/*metabolism
MH  - Bacteria, Aerobic/physiology
MH  - Bacteria, Anaerobic/physiology
MH  - *Bioreactors
MH  - Coloring Agents/*metabolism
MH  - Congo Red/*metabolism
MH  - Textile Industry
MH  - Waste Disposal, Fluid/*methods
MH  - Water Purification/*methods
EDAT- 2003/10/04 05:00
MHDA- 2004/01/14 05:00
CRDT- 2003/10/04 05:00
PHST- 2003/10/04 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/01/14 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/10/04 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1081/ese-120023387 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2003;38(10):2301-15. doi: 
      10.1081/ese-120023387.