PMID- 14575253
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040109
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1541-5457 (Print)
IS  - 1555-1377 (Electronic)
IS  - 1541-5457 (Linking)
VI  - 23
DP  - 2003
TI  - Osteochondral repair of primate knee femoral and patellar articular surfaces: 
      implications for preventing post-traumatic osteoarthritis.
PG  - 66-74
AB  - The risk of post-traumatic osteoarthritis following an intra-articular fracture 
      is determined to large extent by the success or failure of osteochondral repair. 
      To measure the efficacy of osteochondral repair in a primate and determine if 
      osteochondral repair differs in the patella (PA) and the medial femoral condyle 
      (FC) and if passive motion treatment affects osteochondral repair, we created 3.2 
      mm diameter 4.0 mm deep osteochondral defects of the articular surfaces of the PA 
      and FC in both knees of twelve skeletally mature cynomolgus monkeys. Defects were 
      treated with intermittent passive motion (IPM) or cast-immobilization (CI) for 
      two weeks, followed by six weeks of ad libitum cage activity. We measured 
      restoration of the articular surface, and the volume, composition, type II 
      collagen concentration and in situ material properties of the repair tissue. The 
      osteochondral repair response restored a mean of 56% of the FC and 34% of the PA 
      articular surfaces and filled a mean of 68% of the chondral and 92% of the 
      osseous defect volumes respectively. FC defect repair produced higher 
      concentrations of hyaline cartilage (FC 83% vs. PA 52% in chondral defects and FC 
      26% vs. PA 14% in osseous defects) and type II collagen (FC 84% vs. PA 71% in 
      chondral defects and FC 37% vs. PA 9% in osseous defects) than PA repair. IPM did 
      not increase the volume of chondral or osseous repair tissue in PA or FC defects. 
      In both PA and FC defects, IPM stimulated slightly greater expression of type II 
      collagen in chondral repair tissue (IPM 81% vs. CI 74%); and, produced a higher 
      concentration of hyaline repair tissue (IPM 62% vs. CI 42%), but IPM produced 
      poorer restoration of PA articular surfaces (IPM 23% vs. CI 45%). Normal 
      articular cartilage was stiffer, and had a larger Poisson's ratio and less 
      permeability than repair cartilage. Overall Cl treated repair tissue was stiffer 
      and less permeable than IPM treated repair tissue. The stiffness, Poisson's ratio 
      and permeability of femoral condyle cast immobilized (FC CI) treated repair 
      tissue most closely approached the normal values. The differences in 
      osteochondral repair between FC and PA articular surfaces suggest that the 
      mechanical environment strongly influences the quality of articular surface 
      repair. Decreasing the risk of post-traumatic osteoarthritis following 
      intra-articular fractures will depend on finding methods of promoting the 
      osteochondral repair response including modifying the intra-articular biological 
      and mechanical environments.
FAU - Buckwalter, J A
AU  - Buckwalter JA
AD  - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals, Iowa City, Iowa 
      52242, USA. joseph-buckwalter@uiowa.edu
FAU - Martin, J A
AU  - Martin JA
FAU - Olmstead, M
AU  - Olmstead M
FAU - Athanasiou, K A
AU  - Athanasiou KA
FAU - Rosenwasser, M P
AU  - Rosenwasser MP
FAU - Mow, V C
AU  - Mow VC
LA  - eng
GR  - P50 AR048939/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AR 38733/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 AR48939/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Iowa Orthop J
JT  - The Iowa orthopaedic journal
JID - 8908272
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cartilage, Articular/injuries/*physiology
MH  - Femur
MH  - Knee Injuries/complications/*physiopathology
MH  - Knee Joint/*physiopathology
MH  - Macaca fascicularis
MH  - Male
MH  - Models, Animal
MH  - Osteoarthritis, Knee/etiology/prevention & control
MH  - Patella
MH  - Regeneration/*physiology
PMC - PMC1888400
EDAT- 2003/10/25 05:00
MHDA- 2004/01/10 05:00
PMCR- 2003/01/01
CRDT- 2003/10/25 05:00
PHST- 2003/10/25 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/01/10 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/10/25 05:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2003/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Iowa Orthop J. 2003;23:66-74.