PMID- 14583150
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040105
LR  - 20081121
IS  - 0882-8245 (Print)
IS  - 0882-8245 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 3
DP  - 2003
TI  - Interleukin-10, interleukin-12, and interferon-gamma levels in the respiratory 
      tract following mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and PRRSV infection in pigs.
PG  - 357-67
AB  - The cytokine profile associated with either a T helper 1 (Th1) or Th2 response in 
      a porcine respiratory disease model was assessed by measuring IL-12, IL-10 and 
      IFN-gamma using RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. IL-10, IL-12, and IFN-gamma 
      levels in pulmonary alveolar macrophages and bronchial lavage fluid were 
      increased in pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome 
      virus (PRRSV), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, or both pathogens. At 10 days 
      post-infection (DPI), both IL-10 and IL-12 mRNA levels were increased in both 
      groups infected with PRRSV. The IL-12 levels were increased in pigs infected with 
      both pathogens and IFN-gamma protein levels were increased in pigs infected with 
      PRRSV alone and only numerically increased in the dual infection. At 28 DPI, 
      IL-12 mRNA levels and IL-10 protein levels were increased in all infected groups. 
      The mRNA level of IL-12 remained elevated in the group infected with both 
      pathogens at 42 DPI. Production of IFN-gamma did not appear to be closely 
      correlated with elimination of virus from the respiratory tract. However, when 
      the virus existed in the lung, the local IFN-gamma production appeared to 
      increase. Although IL-12 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in the pigs 
      infected with both pathogens, the increased protein levels of IL-12 may 
      compromise the immune system's ability to clear PRRSV from the lung. This could 
      explain the prolonged presence of PRRSV, IFN-gamma production and the increased 
      pneumonia observed in the lungs of dual-infected pigs. The increased levels of 
      cytokines associated with both Th1 and Th2 responses in the respiratory tract of 
      pigs infected with PRRSV and M. hyopneumoniae provides valuable information on 
      the pathogenesis of these diseases.
FAU - Thanawongnuwech, Roongroje
AU  - Thanawongnuwech R
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn 
      University, Bangkok, Thailand. roongroje.t@chula.ac.th
FAU - Thacker, Eileen L
AU  - Thacker EL
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Viral Immunol
JT  - Viral immunology
JID - 8801552
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10)
RN  - 187348-17-0 (Interleukin-12)
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Interferon-gamma/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Interleukin-10/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Interleukin-12/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Macrophages, Alveolar/immunology
MH  - Male
MH  - Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal/genetics/*immunology
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/genetics/*immunology
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Respiratory System/immunology
MH  - Sus scrofa
MH  - Th1 Cells/immunology
MH  - Th2 Cells/immunology
EDAT- 2003/10/30 05:00
MHDA- 2004/01/06 05:00
CRDT- 2003/10/30 05:00
PHST- 2003/10/30 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/01/06 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/10/30 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1089/088282403322396154 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Viral Immunol. 2003;16(3):357-67. doi: 10.1089/088282403322396154.