PMID- 14602620
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040220
LR  - 20210526
IS  - 0099-2240 (Print)
IS  - 1098-5336 (Electronic)
IS  - 0099-2240 (Linking)
VI  - 69
IP  - 11
DP  - 2003 Nov
TI  - Diversity and structure of bacterial communities in Arctic versus Antarctic pack 
      ice.
PG  - 6610-9
AB  - A comprehensive assessment of bacterial diversity and community composition in 
      arctic and antarctic pack ice was conducted through cultivation and 
      cultivation-independent molecular techniques. We sequenced 16S rRNA genes from 
      115 and 87 pure cultures of bacteria isolated from arctic and antarctic pack ice, 
      respectively. Most of the 33 arctic phylotypes were >97% identical to previously 
      described antarctic species or to our own antarctic isolates. At both poles, the 
      alpha- and gamma-proteobacteria and the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium group were the 
      dominant taxonomic bacterial groups identified by cultivation as well as by 
      molecular methods. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from multiple 
      arctic and antarctic pack ice samples revealed a high incidence of closely 
      overlapping 16S rRNA gene clone and isolate sequences. Simultaneous analysis of 
      environmental samples with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that 
      approximately 95% of 4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-stained cells 
      hybridized with the general bacterial probe EUB338. More than 90% of those were 
      further assignable. Approximately 50 and 36% were identified as 
      gamma-proteobacteria in arctic and antarctic samples,respectively. Approximately 
      25% were identified as alpha-proteobacteria, and 25% were identified as belonging 
      to the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium group. For the quantification of specific members 
      of the sea ice community, new oligonucleotide probes were developed which target 
      the genera Octadecabacter, Glaciecola, Psychrobacter, Marinobacter, Shewanella, 
      and Polaribacter: High FISH detection rates of these groups as well as high 
      viable counts corroborated the overlap of clone and isolate sequences. A 
      terrestrial influence on the arctic pack ice community was suggested by the 
      presence of limnic phylotypes.
FAU - Brinkmeyer, Robin
AU  - Brinkmeyer R
AD  - Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.
FAU - Knittel, Katrin
AU  - Knittel K
FAU - Jurgens, Jutta
AU  - Jurgens J
FAU - Weyland, Horst
AU  - Weyland H
FAU - Amann, Rudolf
AU  - Amann R
FAU - Helmke, Elisabeth
AU  - Helmke E
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Appl Environ Microbiol
JT  - Applied and environmental microbiology
JID - 7605801
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Ribosomal)
RN  - 0 (Ice)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antarctic Regions
MH  - Arctic Regions
MH  - Bacteria/*classification/genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Colony Count, Microbial
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/analysis
MH  - DNA, Ribosomal/analysis
MH  - *Ecosystem
MH  - Genes, rRNA
MH  - *Genetic Variation
MH  - Ice/*analysis
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
MH  - Seawater/*microbiology
PMC - PMC262250
EDAT- 2003/11/07 05:00
MHDA- 2004/02/21 05:00
PMCR- 2003/11/01
CRDT- 2003/11/07 05:00
PHST- 2003/11/07 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/02/21 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/11/07 05:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2003/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 0143 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/AEM.69.11.6610-6619.2003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Nov;69(11):6610-9. doi: 
      10.1128/AEM.69.11.6610-6619.2003.