PMID- 14645585
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040113
LR  - 20190509
IS  - 0022-538X (Print)
IS  - 1098-5514 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-538X (Linking)
VI  - 77
IP  - 24
DP  - 2003 Dec
TI  - Dendritic cells harbor infectious porcine circovirus type 2 in the absence of 
      apparent cell modulation or replication of the virus.
PG  - 13288-300
AB  - Dendritic cells (DCs) play crucial roles in innate and adaptive immune responses, 
      rendering them critical targets for virus infections. Porcine circovirus type 2 
      (PCV2) is associated with the development of postweaning multisystemic wasting 
      syndrome (PMWS) in piglets. We demonstrate here that 80 to 90% of 
      monocyte-derived and bone marrow-derived DCs interact with PCV2 similar to the 
      early stages of an infection. There was no evidence for virus replication, but 
      the virus did persist in DCs without loss of infectivity nor the induction of 
      cell death. This could reflect an abortive infection, but there was no evidence 
      of virus uncoating-the infectivity remained intact for at least 5 days. 
      Alternatively, the results may reflect DC endocytosis of antigenic material. 
      However, there was no modulation of DC surface major histocompatibility complex 
      class I and class II, CD80/86, CD25, CD16, or CD14. Furthermore, infected DC did 
      not transmit virus to syngeneic T lymphocytes, even when the latter were 
      activated. Such coculture did not induce PCV2 replication or death of the 
      lymphocytes or DCs. These results demonstrate that PCV2 can persist in DCs in the 
      absence of virus replication or degradation. Such a silent virus infection 
      presents a novel mechanism of not only immune evasion but also escaping the DC 
      degradation pathway. Because of their migratory capacity, infection of DCs thus 
      provides a potent vehicle for transport of the virus throughout the host without 
      the need for replication. In addition, the lymphopenia seen in PMWS is not a 
      direct effect of the virus on lymphocytes but would require additional events, as 
      proposed by others.
FAU - Vincent, I E
AU  - Vincent IE
AD  - Institute of Virology and Immunoprophylaxis, Mittelhausern CH-3147, Switzerland. 
      isabelle.vincent@ivi.admin.ch
FAU - Carrasco, C P
AU  - Carrasco CP
FAU - Herrmann, B
AU  - Herrmann B
FAU - Meehan, B M
AU  - Meehan BM
FAU - Allan, G M
AU  - Allan GM
FAU - Summerfield, A
AU  - Summerfield A
FAU - McCullough, K C
AU  - McCullough KC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Virol
JT  - Journal of virology
JID - 0113724
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Apoptosis
MH  - Bone Marrow Cells
MH  - Circoviridae Infections/virology
MH  - Circovirus/*pathogenicity/*physiology
MH  - Dendritic Cells/*pathology/physiology/*virology
MH  - Flow Cytometry
MH  - Microscopy, Confocal
MH  - Monocytes/cytology
MH  - Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
MH  - Swine
MH  - Swine Diseases/virology
MH  - *Virus Replication
MH  - Wasting Syndrome/veterinary/virology
MH  - Weaning
PMC - PMC296043
EDAT- 2003/12/03 05:00
MHDA- 2004/01/14 05:00
PMCR- 2003/12/01
CRDT- 2003/12/03 05:00
PHST- 2003/12/03 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/01/14 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/12/03 05:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2003/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 0229 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/jvi.77.24.13288-13300.2003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Virol. 2003 Dec;77(24):13288-300. doi: 10.1128/jvi.77.24.13288-13300.2003.