PMID- 14699576
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040304
LR  - 20071114
IS  - 1058-8388 (Print)
IS  - 1058-8388 (Linking)
VI  - 229
IP  - 1
DP  - 2004 Jan
TI  - MMP-2 plays an essential role in producing epithelial-mesenchymal transformations 
      in the avian embryo.
PG  - 42-53
AB  - To investigate the roles that matrix-degrading proteases may have in development 
      of the chicken embryo, we documented the expression pattern of matrix 
      metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2, 72-kDa type IV collagenase or gelatinase A) and 
      perturbed its function in vitro and in vivo. MMP-2 is expressed as neural crest 
      cells detach from the neural epithelium during an epithelial-mesenchymal 
      transformation (EMT) but is rapidly extinguished as they disperse. It is also 
      expressed in the sclerotome and in the dermis at the time that the EMT is 
      initiated, and also as these cells migrate, and is down-regulated once motility 
      has ceased. These patterns suggest that MMP-2 plays a role in cell motility 
      during the EMT and during later morphogenesis. Inhibitors of MMPs, including 
      BB-94 and TIMP-2 (tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease-2), prevent the EMT that 
      generates neural crest cells, both in tissue culture and in vivo, but do not 
      affect migration of the cells that have already detached from the neural tube. 
      Similarly, knockdown of MMP-2 expression in the dorsal neural tube using 
      antisense morpholino oligos perturbs the EMT, but also does not affect migration 
      of neural crest cells after they have detached from the neural tube. On the other 
      hand, when somites in culture are treated with TIMP-2, some mesenchymal cells are 
      produced, suggesting that they undergo the EMT, but show greatly reduced 
      migration through the collagen gel. MMP-2 is also expressed in mesenchyme where 
      tissue remodeling is in progress, such as in the developing feather germs, in the 
      head mesenchyme, in the lateral plate mesoderm, and in the limb dermis, 
      especially in the regions where tendons are developing. Comparisons of these 
      expression patterns in multiple embryonic tissues suggest a probable role for 
      MMP-2 in the migration phase of the EMT, in addition to mesenchyme dispersion and 
      tissue remodeling. Developmental Dynamics 229:42-53, 2004.
CI  - Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
FAU - Duong, Tuan D
AU  - Duong TD
AD  - Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California at Davis, 
      Davis, California, USA.
FAU - Erickson, Carol A
AU  - Erickson CA
LA  - eng
GR  - GM53258/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Dev Dyn
JT  - Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of 
      Anatomists
JID - 9201927
RN  - 0 (DNA, Complementary)
RN  - EC 3.4.24.24 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 2)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Cell Movement
MH  - Chick Embryo/*embryology/*enzymology
MH  - Coturnix/embryology/genetics/metabolism
MH  - DNA, Complementary/genetics
MH  - Epithelium/embryology/enzymology
MH  - Extremities/embryology
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
MH  - In Situ Hybridization
MH  - Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Mesoderm/cytology/enzymology
MH  - Neural Crest/cytology/embryology/enzymology
MH  - Somites/cytology/enzymology
EDAT- 2003/12/31 05:00
MHDA- 2004/03/05 05:00
CRDT- 2003/12/31 05:00
PHST- 2003/12/31 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/03/05 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/12/31 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/dvdy.10465 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Dev Dyn. 2004 Jan;229(1):42-53. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.10465.