PMID- 14713564
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040224
LR  - 20191108
IS  - 1528-7394 (Print)
IS  - 0098-4108 (Linking)
VI  - 67
IP  - 4
DP  - 2004 Feb 27
TI  - Neurological deficits induced by malathion, DEET, and permethrin, alone or in 
      combination in adult rats.
PG  - 331-56
AB  - Malathion (O,O-dimethyl-S-[1,2-carbethoxyethyl]phosphorodithionate), DEET 
      (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide), and permethrin 
      [(+/-)-cis/trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid 
      (3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester] are commonly used pesticides. To determine the 
      effects of the dermal application of these chemicals, alone or in combination, 
      the sensorimotor behavior, central cholinergic system, and histopathological 
      alterations were studied in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats following a daily 
      dermal dose of 44.4 mg/kg malathion, 40 mg/kg DEET, and 0.13 mg/kg permethrin, 
      alone and in combination for 30 d. Neurobehavioral evaluations of sensorimotor 
      functions included beam-walking score, beam walk time, inclined plane, and grip 
      response assessments. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment with each 
      chemical alone or in combination all behavioral measures were impaired. The 
      combination of DEET and permethrin, malathion and permethrin, or the three 
      chemicals together resulted in greater impairments in inclined performance than 
      permethrin alone. Only animals treated with a combination of DEET and malathion 
      or with DEET and permethrin exhibited significant increases in plasma 
      butyrlcholinesterase (BChE) activity. Treatment with DEET or permethrin alone, 
      malathion and permethrin, or DEET and permethrin produced significant increases 
      in cortical acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Combinations of malathion and 
      permethrin or of DEET and permethrin produced significant decreases in midbrain 
      AChE activity. Animals treated with DEET alone exhibited a significant increase 
      in cortical m2 muscarinic ACh receptor binding. Quantification of neuron density 
      in the dentate gyrus, CA1 and CA3 subfields of the hippocampus, midbrain, 
      brainstem, and cerebellum revealed significant reductions in the density of 
      surviving neurons with various treatments. These results suggest that exposure to 
      real-life doses of malathion, DEET, and permethrin, alone or in combination, 
      produce no overt signs of neurotoxicity but induce significant neurobehavioral 
      deficits and neuronal degeneration in brain.
FAU - Abdel-Rahman, Ali
AU  - Abdel-Rahman A
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, 
      Durham, NC 27710, USA.
FAU - Dechkovskaia, Anjelika M
AU  - Dechkovskaia AM
FAU - Goldstein, Larry B
AU  - Goldstein LB
FAU - Bullman, Sara H
AU  - Bullman SH
FAU - Khan, Wasiuddin
AU  - Khan W
FAU - El-Masry, Eman M
AU  - El-Masry EM
FAU - Abou-Donia, Mohamed B
AU  - Abou-Donia MB
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - J Toxicol Environ Health A
JT  - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A
JID - 100960995
RN  - 0 (Drug Combinations)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 134-62-3 (DEET)
RN  - 509F88P9SZ (Permethrin)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.7 (Acetylcholinesterase)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.8 (Butyrylcholinesterase)
RN  - U5N7SU872W (Malathion)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism
MH  - Administration, Topical
MH  - Animals
MH  - Behavior, Animal/drug effects
MH  - Brain/*drug effects/enzymology
MH  - Butyrylcholinesterase/metabolism
MH  - DEET/*toxicity
MH  - Drug Combinations
MH  - Insecticides/*toxicity
MH  - Malathion/*toxicity
MH  - Male
MH  - Permethrin/*toxicity
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
RF  - 63
EDAT- 2004/01/10 05:00
MHDA- 2004/02/26 05:00
CRDT- 2004/01/10 05:00
PHST- 2004/01/10 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/02/26 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/01/10 05:00 [entrez]
AID - X15X9A3HGDQ27WT9 [pii]
AID - 10.1080/15287390490273569 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2004 Feb 27;67(4):331-56. doi: 
      10.1080/15287390490273569.