PMID- 14744873
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040212
LR  - 20190607
IS  - 0146-0404 (Print)
IS  - 0146-0404 (Linking)
VI  - 45
IP  - 2
DP  - 2004 Feb
TI  - Immunohistochemical classification and functional morphology of human choroidal 
      ganglion cells.
PG  - 361-7
AB  - PURPOSE: To characterize human choroidal ganglion cells (CGCs) further, regarding 
      their immunohistochemical and ultrastructural appearance and their pre- and 
      postsynaptic connections. METHODS: . Choroidal wholemounts and serial sections of 
      human donor eyes were stained with antibodies against neuronal nitric oxide 
      synthase (nNOS), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), 
      vesicular monoaminergic transporter (VMAT)-2, vesicular acetylcholine transporter 
      (VAChT), neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide 
      (CGRP), calretinin, galanin, synaptophysin, and alpha-smooth muscle actin. 
      Ultrathin sections of glutaraldehyde-fixed eyes were studied with an electron 
      microscope. RESULTS: All CGCs stained for nNOS, most for VIP, approximately 45% 
      for calretinin, and only single neurons for NPY and galanin. Ultrastructurally, 
      the CGCs showed an incomplete glial sheath and, in places, showed close contact 
      to surrounding collagen fibrils. The CGCs were in close contact with numerous 
      boutons staining for the different neuronal markers including synaptophysin, 
      nNOS, VIP, NPY, TH, VMAT-2, VAChT, calretinin, and NPY. CONCLUSIONS: The data 
      indicate a complex integrative function of CGCs. The immunohistochemical and 
      ultrastructural characteristics also indicate that the CGCs may have 
      mechanosensory properties. The complex synaptic information points to a specific 
      regulative CGC function in parallel with ciliary muscle contraction 
      (accommodation). Axons originating from CGCs mainly supply the choroidal 
      vasculature, thus implicating the CGCs as vasodilative neurons, but single CGCs 
      may also innervate other structures such as nonvascular choroidal smooth muscle 
      cells.
FAU - May, Christian Albrecht
AU  - May CA
AD  - Department of Anatomy II, Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany. 
      albrecht.may@anatomie2.med.uni-erlangen.de
FAU - Neuhuber, Winfried
AU  - Neuhuber W
FAU - Lutjen-Drecoll, Elke
AU  - Lutjen-Drecoll E
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
JT  - Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
JID - 7703701
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins)
RN  - 37221-79-7 (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (NOS1 protein, human)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Biomarkers/analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - Choroid/blood supply/*innervation
MH  - Ganglia, Parasympathetic/*cytology/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Microscopy, Fluorescence
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/innervation
MH  - Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
MH  - Presynaptic Terminals/physiology
MH  - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/metabolism
EDAT- 2004/01/28 05:00
MHDA- 2004/02/13 05:00
CRDT- 2004/01/28 05:00
PHST- 2004/01/28 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/02/13 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/01/28 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1167/iovs.03-0624 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004 Feb;45(2):361-7. doi: 10.1167/iovs.03-0624.