PMID- 14759769
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20041202
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 1065-6995 (Print)
IS  - 1065-6995 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 1
DP  - 2004
TI  - Yessotoxin affects fMLP-induced cell shape changes inMytilus galloprovincialis 
      immunocytes.
PG  - 57-61
AB  - Using computer-assisted microscopic image analysis, we have found that algal 
      yessotoxin (YTX) affects the immune response of Mytilus galloprovincialis. 
      Indeed, YTX increases immunocyte cell motility through the involvement of both 
      extracellular Ca2+ and cAMP, but not through protein kinase A, protein kinase C 
      or phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Alone, however, the toxin does not induce any 
      effect, as its action on cell motility is observed only after addition of the 
      chemotactic substance N-formyl-Meth-Leu-Phe (fMLP). fMLP is known to induce 
      cellular changes via both the phosphatidylinositol and cAMP pathways and, from 
      this scenario, we can surmise that Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations rise sufficiently 
      in fMLP-activated immunocytes to reveal YTX action. One possible explanation is 
      that the toxin increases fMLP-mediated cell activation by intervening in L-type 
      Ca2+-channel opening through a cAMP-dependent/PKA-independent pathway.
FAU - Malagoli, Davide
AU  - Malagoli D
AD  - Department of Animal Biology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 
      213/D, 41100 Modena, Italy.
FAU - Ottaviani, Enzo
AU  - Ottaviani E
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Cell Biol Int
JT  - Cell biology international
JID - 9307129
RN  - 0 (Ethers, Cyclic)
RN  - 0 (Mollusk Venoms)
RN  - 0 (Oxocins)
RN  - 59880-97-6 (N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine)
RN  - P6M9FM2L2G (yessotoxin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bivalvia/cytology/drug effects/*immunology
MH  - Cell Shape/drug effects
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Ethers, Cyclic/*pharmacology
MH  - Mollusk Venoms
MH  - N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine/*pharmacology
MH  - Oxocins/*pharmacology
EDAT- 2004/02/05 05:00
MHDA- 2004/12/16 09:00
CRDT- 2004/02/05 05:00
PHST- 2003/07/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2003/09/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2003/10/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2004/02/05 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/12/16 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/02/05 05:00 [entrez]
AID - S1065699503002543 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.cellbi.2003.10.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cell Biol Int. 2004;28(1):57-61. doi: 10.1016/j.cellbi.2003.10.003.