PMID- 1483743 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 19930218 LR - 20081121 IS - 0172-4622 (Print) IS - 0172-4622 (Linking) VI - 13 Suppl 1 DP - 1992 Oct TI - Nutritional aspects of health and performance at lowland and altitude. PG - S100-6 AB - One of the most important nutritional goals amongst athletes is to maintain adequate energy and fluid balance, since these are subject to relatively rapid changes and are directly related to performance and health. This may especially be the case when exercise intensity is high. Furthermore, when due to exercise and environmental stress food and fluid intake become depressed. In such conditions there may be a dramatic increase in the utilization of carbohydrate (CHO), fluid, and in some instances protein. These increased requirements may then not be covered. Insufficient replacement of CHO may lead to hypoglycemia, altered protein metabolism, central fatigue and exhaustion. Large sweat losses may pose a risk to health by inducing severe dehydration, impaired blood circulation and heat transfer, leading to heat exhaustion and collapse. Inadequate CHO and protein intake leads to a negative nitrogen balance, which over the long term will lead to a loss of muscle mass. In the scope of this presentation we will refer to the most important nutritional factors which are known to affect performance over a short term, at sea level and altitude. FAU - Brouns, F AU - Brouns F AD - Nutrition Research Center, University of Limburg, Maastricht, Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - Germany TA - Int J Sports Med JT - International journal of sports medicine JID - 8008349 RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Nonesterified) RN - 0 (Proteins) SB - IM MH - *Altitude MH - Dehydration/physiopathology/prevention & control MH - Diet MH - Energy Metabolism/physiology MH - Exercise/physiology MH - Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism MH - *Health MH - Humans MH - Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/*physiology MH - Physical Fitness/*physiology MH - Proteins/metabolism RF - 60 EDAT- 1992/10/01 00:00 MHDA- 1992/10/01 00:01 CRDT- 1992/10/01 00:00 PHST- 1992/10/01 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 1992/10/01 00:01 [medline] PHST- 1992/10/01 00:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1055/s-2007-1024609 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Sports Med. 1992 Oct;13 Suppl 1:S100-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1024609.