PMID- 1494917
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19920909
LR  - 20190630
IS  - 0022-3042 (Print)
IS  - 0022-3042 (Linking)
VI  - 59
IP  - 3
DP  - 1992 Sep
TI  - Cytokine regulation of nerve growth factor-mediated cholinergic neurotrophic 
      activity synthesized by astrocytes and fibroblasts.
PG  - 919-31
AB  - The neurotrophic activity of astrocytes and fibroblasts and its regulation by 
      various cytokines were investigated. Astrocyte conditioned medium (ACM) enhanced 
      the survival of neurons and the proliferation of astrocytes in embryonic cortical 
      cultures grown in serum-free defined medium. However, these results were not 
      affected by acidic fibroblast growth factor, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), 
      tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), and transforming growth factor-beta 1. 
      In contrast, ACM induced choline acetyltransferase expression in septal 
      cholinergic neurons via nerve growth factor (NGF)-dependent and -independent 
      mechanisms. However, neither acidic nor basic fibroblast growth factor is 
      involved in this biological activity in ACM. The cytokines listed above mainly 
      stimulate NGF-mediated cholinergic neurotrophic activity in ACM. A combination of 
      IL-1 beta and TNF alpha significantly enhanced choline acetyltransferase activity 
      in septal neurons co-cultured with astrocytes, and this effect was found to be 
      mediated by NGF produced by activated astrocytes. Effects of astrocytes on 
      GABAergic neurons were also examined. ACM was found to increase glutamate 
      decarboxylase activity in neuronal cultures from septum in the presence of Ara-C. 
      However, the cytokines did not enhance this activity in ACM. Moreover, a 
      combination of IL-1 beta and TNF alpha had no effect on glutamate decarboxylase 
      activity in septal neurons co-cultured with astrocytes. In a final set of 
      experiments, cholinergic neurotrophic activity in skin-derived fibroblast 
      conditioned medium (FCM) was examined. FCM was found to possess biological 
      activity similar to that of ACM on septal neurons grown in serum-free defined 
      medium with Ara-C. The cytokines also enhanced NGF-mediated cholinergic 
      neurotrophic activity in FCM. Astrocytes and fibroblasts were found to possess 
      NGF-type and non-NGF-type cholinergic neurotrophic activity, and various 
      cytokines were found to regulate the NGF-type cholinergic neurotrophic activity 
      in both types of cells. NGF produced by astrocytes and fibroblasts that are 
      activated by cytokines is likely to be important for development and regeneration 
      of NGF-sensitive neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
FAU - Yoshida, K
AU  - Yoshida K
AD  - Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San 
      Diego, La Jolla 92193.
FAU - Kakihana, M
AU  - Kakihana M
FAU - Chen, L S
AU  - Chen LS
FAU - Ong, M
AU  - Ong M
FAU - Baird, A
AU  - Baird A
FAU - Gage, F H
AU  - Gage FH
LA  - eng
GR  - AG06088/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AG08514/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS28121/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - J Neurochem
JT  - Journal of neurochemistry
JID - 2985190R
RN  - 0 (Culture Media)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Nerve Growth Factors)
RN  - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins)
RN  - 103107-01-3 (Fibroblast Growth Factor 2)
RN  - 56-12-2 (gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Astrocytes/*metabolism
MH  - Cerebral Cortex/cytology/metabolism
MH  - Culture Media
MH  - Cytokines/*physiology
MH  - Cytological Techniques
MH  - Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/metabolism
MH  - Fibroblasts/metabolism
MH  - Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism/*physiology
MH  - Nerve Tissue Proteins/*biosynthesis
MH  - Neurons/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Parasympathetic Nervous System/cytology/*metabolism
MH  - Septum Pellucidum/cytology/metabolism
MH  - Skin/cytology/*metabolism
MH  - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
EDAT- 1992/09/01 00:00
MHDA- 1992/09/01 00:01
CRDT- 1992/09/01 00:00
PHST- 1992/09/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1992/09/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1992/09/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08331.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neurochem. 1992 Sep;59(3):919-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08331.x.