PMID- 14967868
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040610
LR  - 20191108
IS  - 1526-484X (Print)
IS  - 1526-484X (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 4
DP  - 2003 Dec
TI  - Effect of pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion on plasma cytokine, stress hormone, 
      and neutrophil degranulation responses to continuous, high-intensity exercise.
PG  - 436-53
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of pre-exercise 
      carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion on circulating leukocyte numbers, plasma interleukin 
      (IL)-6, plasma cortisol, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated neutrophil 
      degranulation responses in moderately trained male cyclists who completed 
      approximately 1-h of high-intensity cycling. The influence of the timing of 
      pre-exercise CHO ingestion was investigated in 8 subjects who consumed 75 g CHO 
      as a glucose solution at either 15 (-15 trial), or 75 (-75 trial) min before the 
      onset of exercise. The influence of the amount of pre-exercise CHO ingestion was 
      investigated in a further 10 subjects who consumed either 25 g or 200 g CHO as a 
      glucose solution or a placebo 45 min before the onset of exercise. At the onset 
      of exercise in the timing experiment, the plasma glucose concentration was 
      significantly (p < .05) lower on the -75 trial compared with pre-drink values, 
      and the plasma cortisol concentration and neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio 
      were significantly (p < .05) elevated in the post-exercise period. In the -15 
      trial, plasma glucose level was well maintained, and the plasma cortisol 
      concentration and N/L ratio were not significantly elevated above resting levels. 
      However, LPS-stimulated neutrophil degranulation was similar in the -15 and -75 
      trials. The amount of CHO ingested had no effect on the magnitude of the rise in 
      the N/L ratio compared with placebo when consumed 45 min pre-exercise. Finally, 
      although an exercise-induced increase in the plasma IL-6 concentration was 
      observed, this effect was independent of pre-exercise CHO ingestion.
FAU - Lancaster, Graeme I
AU  - Lancaster GI
AD  - Human Performance Laboratory, School of Sports and Exercise Sciences, University 
      of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
FAU - Jentjens, Roy L P G
AU  - Jentjens RL
FAU - Moseley, Luke
AU  - Moseley L
FAU - Jeukendrup, Asker E
AU  - Jeukendrup AE
FAU - Gleeson, Michael
AU  - Gleeson M
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PL  - United States
TA  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
JT  - International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
JID - 100939812
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Lipopolysaccharides)
RN  - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
RN  - EC 3.4.21.36 (Pancreatic Elastase)
RN  - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Bicycling/*physiology
MH  - Blood Glucose/analysis
MH  - Cell Degranulation/*immunology
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/blood/immunology/*pharmacokinetics
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Exercise Test
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocortisone/*blood
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Interleukin-6/*blood/immunology
MH  - Lactic Acid/blood
MH  - Leukocyte Count
MH  - Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
MH  - Male
MH  - Neutrophils/immunology/*physiology
MH  - Pancreatic Elastase/blood
EDAT- 2004/02/18 05:00
MHDA- 2004/06/21 10:00
CRDT- 2004/02/18 05:00
PHST- 2004/02/18 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/06/21 10:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/02/18 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1123/ijsnem.13.4.436 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2003 Dec;13(4):436-53. doi: 
      10.1123/ijsnem.13.4.436.