PMID- 15017357
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20041119
LR  - 20191026
IS  - 0957-9672 (Print)
IS  - 0957-9672 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 2
DP  - 2004 Apr
TI  - The role of chemokines in atherosclerosis: recent evidence from experimental 
      models and population genetics.
PG  - 145-9
AB  - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease process. This 
      review discusses the recent genetic evidence from animal models and human 
      populations that highlight the importance of chemokines in atherosclerosis. 
      RECENT FINDINGS: CC-chemokine/CC-chemokine receptors (CCR), including CCR2/ MCP-1 
      (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and CCR5/RANTES (regulated on activation, 
      normal T-cell expressed and secreted), have been shown in animal knockout and 
      transgenic studies to have significant effects on atherosclerotic lesion size and 
      macrophage recruitment. More recently fractalkine (CX3C1) and its receptor 
      (CX3CR1) have emerged as another important pathway in atherosclerosis. For 
      example, fractalkine is present in human atherosclerotic lesions and is able to 
      stimulate platelet activation and adhesion. CX3CR1 is expressed on human aortic 
      smooth muscle cells and CX3CR1/apolipoprotein E double knockout mice have 
      significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion size and macrophage recruitment. 
      Human population genetic studies have tried to assess the importance of 
      chemokines in human atherosclerosis. Currently, there is conflicting evidence 
      regarding an association between polymorphisms in CCR2/MCP-1 and CCR5/RANTES and 
      coronary artery disease. There is evidence, however, for an association between 
      the fractalkine receptor polymorphism (CX3CR1-I249) and coronary artery disease 
      in both human population and function studies. SUMMARY: Recent transgenic and 
      gene knockout studies in murine models of atherosclerosis have highlighted the 
      importance of chemokines and their receptors in atherosclerosis. Genetic evidence 
      for a role of chemokines and their receptors in human population studies remains 
      under investigation. Identifying chemokine polymorphisms could help to determine 
      pathways that are important in atherosclerosis disease pathology and that may 
      suggest novel therapeutic targets.
FAU - Bursill, Christina A
AU  - Bursill CA
AD  - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe 
      Hospital, UK.
FAU - Channon, Keith M
AU  - Channon KM
FAU - Greaves, David R
AU  - Greaves DR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Curr Opin Lipidol
JT  - Current opinion in lipidology
JID - 9010000
RN  - 0 (CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1)
RN  - 0 (CX3CL1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Chemokine CX3CL1)
RN  - 0 (Chemokines)
RN  - 0 (Chemokines, CX3C)
RN  - 0 (Cx3cl1 protein, mouse)
RN  - 0 (Membrane Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Cytokine)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, HIV)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arteriosclerosis/*genetics
MH  - CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1
MH  - Chemokine CX3CL1
MH  - Chemokines/*genetics
MH  - Chemokines, CX3C/genetics
MH  - Genetics, Population
MH  - Humans
MH  - Membrane Proteins/genetics
MH  - Mice
MH  - Models, Animal
MH  - Polymorphism, Genetic
MH  - Receptors, Cytokine/genetics
MH  - Receptors, HIV/genetics
RF  - 31
EDAT- 2004/03/17 05:00
MHDA- 2004/12/16 09:00
CRDT- 2004/03/17 05:00
PHST- 2004/03/17 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/12/16 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/03/17 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 00041433-200404000-00007 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/00041433-200404000-00007 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Opin Lipidol. 2004 Apr;15(2):145-9. doi: 10.1097/00041433-200404000-00007.