PMID- 15026569
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040615
LR  - 20231103
IS  - 0027-8424 (Print)
IS  - 1091-6490 (Electronic)
IS  - 0027-8424 (Linking)
VI  - 101
IP  - 16
DP  - 2004 Apr 20
TI  - Activation of human medial prefrontal cortex during autonomic responses to 
      hypoglycemia.
PG  - 6217-21
AB  - Studies in humans implicate the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) in complex 
      cognitive and emotional states. We measured regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) 
      four times each during euglycemia (5.2 +/- 0.2 mmol/liter) and hypoglycemia (3.0 
      +/- 0.3 mmol/liter) in nine normal human volunteers. Autonomic responses during 
      hypoglycemia were manifested by increases in neurogenic symptoms, heart rate, and 
      plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and pancreatic polypeptide. Typical 
      symptoms of hypoglycemia were mild, and none reflected evidence of cognitive or 
      emotional stress. Quantitative CBF fell 6-8% in the cerebrum, brainstem, and 
      cerebellum. Analysis of regional CBF differences identified neuronal activation 
      during hypoglycemia in bilateral MPFC (areas 24 and 32) and bilateral thalamus. 
      These results provide evidence that the MPFC participates in the autonomic 
      responses to simple physiological stimuli in humans.
FAU - Teves, Denise
AU  - Teves D
AD  - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research of the Department of 
      Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8127, 660 
      South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
FAU - Videen, Tom O
AU  - Videen TO
FAU - Cryer, Philip E
AU  - Cryer PE
FAU - Powers, William J
AU  - Powers WJ
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DK027085/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - RR00036/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R37 DK027085/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - M01 RR000036/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK27085/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS041771/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS41771/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
DEP - 20040316
PL  - United States
TA  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
JT  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JID - 7505876
SB  - IM
CIN - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 27;101(17):6333-4. PMID: 15096592
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Autonomic Nervous System/diagnostic imaging/*physiopathology
MH  - Cerebrovascular Circulation
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemia/*physiopathology
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Male
MH  - Prefrontal Cortex/blood supply/diagnostic imaging/*physiopathology
MH  - Tomography, Emission-Computed
PMC - PMC395949
EDAT- 2004/03/18 05:00
MHDA- 2004/06/16 05:00
PMCR- 2004/10/20
CRDT- 2004/03/18 05:00
PHST- 2004/03/18 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/06/16 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/03/18 05:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2004/10/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 0307048101 [pii]
AID - 1016217 [pii]
AID - 10.1073/pnas.0307048101 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 20;101(16):6217-21. doi: 
      10.1073/pnas.0307048101. Epub 2004 Mar 16.