PMID- 15056109
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040519
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0909-8836 (Print)
IS  - 0909-8836 (Linking)
VI  - 112
IP  - 2
DP  - 2004 Apr
TI  - Effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ('Ecstasy') on the jaw-opening 
      reflex and on the alpha-adrenoceptors which regulate this reflex in the 
      anesthetized rat.
PG  - 127-33
AB  - Bruxism, principally jaw clenching, is frequently observed in users of the 
      recreational drug 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). It has been suggested 
      that during bruxism a reduction of the activity of oral protective reflexes 
      occurs. In this study we investigated the effects of intravenously administered 
      MDMA on the digastric electromyographic responses elicited by orofacial 
      electrical stimulation in the rat. We also assessed the effects of either the 
      administration of a single dose (20 mg kg(-1), s.c.) or repeated doses of MDMA 
      (same dose, twice a day, for 4 d) on the jaw-opening reflex (JOR) and on the 
      sensitivity of the alpha(2)-adrenoceptors which, in an inhibitory way, regulate 
      it. Increasing doses of MDMA (1-29440 micro g kg(-1)) induced an incomplete 
      inhibition of JOR and 50% inhibition (ED(50)) at 2550 micro g kg(-1); maximal 
      inhibition was 88%. The repeated treatment with MDMA led to an enhancement of the 
      inhibition of JOR induced by the alpha(2)-agonist, clonidine (ED(50) was reduced 
      by 77%), indicating an increased sensitivity of the alpha(2)-adrenoceptors. This 
      study shows that the intravenous administration of MDMA reduces the JOR while 
      repeated doses of the drug enhance the inhibitory noradrenergic mechanisms which 
      regulate the reflex. The results also allow speculation that a reduction of JOR 
      may underlie the occurrence of episodes of bruxism in MDMA users.
FAU - Arrue, Aurora
AU  - Arrue A
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Stomatology, University of the Basque Country, 
      Leioa, Spain.
FAU - Gomez, Francisco M
AU  - Gomez FM
FAU - Giralt, M Teresa
AU  - Giralt MT
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Eur J Oral Sci
JT  - European journal of oral sciences
JID - 9504563
RN  - 0 (Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists)
RN  - 0 (Adrenergic alpha-Agonists)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
RN  - MN3L5RMN02 (Clonidine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - *Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists
MH  - Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/administration & dosage/pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bruxism/chemically induced
MH  - Clonidine/pharmacology
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Electric Stimulation
MH  - Electromyography/drug effects
MH  - Evoked Potentials, Motor/drug effects
MH  - Injections, Intravenous
MH  - Male
MH  - Mandible/*drug effects
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Neck Muscles/drug effects
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Reflex/*drug effects
EDAT- 2004/04/02 05:00
MHDA- 2004/05/20 05:00
CRDT- 2004/04/02 05:00
PHST- 2004/04/02 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/05/20 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/04/02 05:00 [entrez]
AID - EOS114 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2004.00114.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Oral Sci. 2004 Apr;112(2):127-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2004.00114.x.