PMID- 15081176
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040811
LR  - 20141120
IS  - 0300-9572 (Print)
IS  - 0300-9572 (Linking)
VI  - 61
IP  - 1
DP  - 2004 Apr
TI  - International EMS Systems: the Nordic countries.
PG  - 9-21
AB  - Emergency medicine service (EMS) systems in the five Nordic countries have more 
      similarities than differences. One similarity is the involvement of 
      anaesthesiologists as pre-hospital physicians and their strong participation for 
      all critically ill and injured patients in-hospital. Discrepancies do exist, 
      however, especially within the ground and air ambulance service, and the EMS 
      systems face several challenges. Main problems and challenges emphasized by the 
      authors are: (1) Denmark: the dispatch centres are presently not under medical 
      control and are without a national criteria based system. Access to on-line 
      medical advice of a physician is not available; (2) Finland: the autonomy of the 
      individual municipalities and their responsibility to cover for primary and 
      specialised health care, as well as the EMS, and the lack of supporting or 
      demanding legislation regarding the EMS; (3) Iceland is the only country that has 
      emergency medicine (EM) as a recognised speciality but there is a need for more 
      fully trained specialists in EM; (4) Norway: the ordinary ground ambulance is 
      pointed out as the weakest link in the EM chain and a health reform demands 
      extensive co-operation between the new health enterprises to re-establish a 
      nation-wide air ambulance service; (5) Sweden: to create evidence based medicine 
      standards for treatment in emergency medicine, a better integration of all part 
      of the chain of survival, a formalised education in EM and a nation wide 
      physician staffed helicopter EMS (HEMS) cover.
FAU - Langhelle, Audun
AU  - Langhelle A
AD  - Norwegian Air Ambulance, Box 27, Hovik, N-1322, Norway. audun.langhelle@snla.no
FAU - Lossius, Hans Morten
AU  - Lossius HM
FAU - Silfvast, Tom
AU  - Silfvast T
FAU - Bjornsson, Hjalti Mar
AU  - Bjornsson HM
FAU - Lippert, Freddy K
AU  - Lippert FK
FAU - Ersson, Anders
AU  - Ersson A
FAU - Soreide, Eldar
AU  - Soreide E
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Resuscitation
JT  - Resuscitation
JID - 0332173
SB  - IM
MH  - Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems/organization & administration
MH  - Emergency Medical Services/*organization & administration
MH  - Emergency Service, Hospital/organization & administration
MH  - Finland
MH  - Humans
MH  - Iceland
MH  - *Internationality
MH  - Scandinavian and Nordic Countries
EDAT- 2004/04/15 05:00
MHDA- 2004/08/12 05:00
CRDT- 2004/04/15 05:00
PHST- 2003/12/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2003/12/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2004/04/15 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/08/12 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/04/15 05:00 [entrez]
AID - S030095720300460X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2003.12.008 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Resuscitation. 2004 Apr;61(1):9-21. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2003.12.008.