PMID- 15081747
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040608
LR  - 20040414
IS  - 0048-9697 (Print)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 322
IP  - 1-3
DP  - 2004 Apr 25
TI  - Urban stormwater contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and its 
      importance for urban water systems in Switzerland.
PG  - 179-89
AB  - Like other persistent organic pollutants (POPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) 
      are still present in the environment despite their almost worldwide prohibition. 
      A study was conducted over 1 year in Switzerland to analyze the source and load 
      of PCBs in urban stormwater and their importance in urban water systems. The mean 
      PCB concentrations of 89 rain events were determined in five different strictly 
      separate drainage systems (three in Lausanne and two in Geneva). The mean 
      concentrations of PCBs in stormwater ranged from values below the detection limit 
      (0.11-0.24 ng/l) to 403 ng/l. A model for the wet and dry deposition of PCBs 
      based on these results estimates that their concentration in rainwater has 
      remained practically constant (35 ng/l) over a period of 12 years. A mass balance 
      of Swiss levels estimates a total input load of PCBs in the urban water systems 
      at 110-125 kg/year. The contribution of stormwater is 75-94 kg/year in combined 
      sewer systems and 23-34 kg in separate sewer systems. This mass balance 
      illustrates that a major part of the PCB load in the environment or in WWTP 
      sludges originates from urban stormwater. This result was confirmed by a 
      fingerprint of PCB congeners in stormwater, which showed a pattern identical to 
      that found in sewage sludge in combined sewer systems.
FAU - Rossi, Luca
AU  - Rossi L
AD  - Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG), 
      Uberlandstrasse 133, Dubendorf 8600, Switzerland. luca.rossi@eawag.ch
FAU - de Alencastro, Luiz
AU  - de Alencastro L
FAU - Kupper, Thomas
AU  - Kupper T
FAU - Tarradellas, Joseph
AU  - Tarradellas J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
EDAT- 2004/04/15 05:00
MHDA- 2004/04/15 05:01
CRDT- 2004/04/15 05:00
PHST- 2002/07/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2002/12/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2004/04/15 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/04/15 05:01 [medline]
PHST- 2004/04/15 05:00 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(03)00361-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00361-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2004 Apr 25;322(1-3):179-89. doi: 
      10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00361-9.