PMID- 1511510
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19921001
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0092-6213 (Print)
IS  - 0092-6213 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 2
DP  - 1992 Jun
TI  - Fundamentals of receptor theory: basics for shock research.
PG  - 176-84
AB  - A variety of inflammatory mediators [e.g., tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF 
      alpha)], endogenous hormones (e.g., epinephrine), and neurotransmitters (e.g., 
      norepinephrine) are elevated as either a cause or a consequence of circulatory 
      shock. The pathophysiologic responses observed during circulatory shock are the 
      direct result of a complex interplay between the individual responses produced by 
      the various mediators that interact with specific receptors. For example, as part 
      of a compensatory response in circulatory shock, sympathetic outflow increases, 
      which results in elevated synaptic levels of norepinephrine, which will activate 
      alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors in the synaptic cleft. Additionally, plasma 
      epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations are elevated to a level sufficient 
      to stimulate alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors in the heart, vasculature, and kidney, 
      leading to profound changes in heart rate, cardiac output, peripheral vascular 
      resistance, renal blood flow, and urine output. As such, the nature of the 
      interaction between inflammatory mediators, hormones, and neurotransmitters with 
      specific receptors in the cardiovascular system is fundamental to understanding 
      the changes in circulatory status that occur during the shock state.
FAU - Ruffolo, R R Jr
AU  - Ruffolo RR Jr
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals (L523), King of 
      Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Circ Shock
JT  - Circulatory shock
JID - 0414112
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Adrenergic)
RN  - 1WS297W6MV (Phenylephrine)
RN  - 8VLN5B44ZY (Oxymetazoline)
RN  - H231GF11BV (Naphazoline)
RN  - Z468598HBV (Phentolamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Binding, Competitive
MH  - Drug Design
MH  - Naphazoline/pharmacology
MH  - Oxymetazoline/pharmacology
MH  - Phentolamine/pharmacology
MH  - Phenylephrine/pharmacology
MH  - Receptors, Adrenergic/*drug effects
MH  - Research Design/*trends
MH  - Shock, Septic/*drug therapy/metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction
MH  - Therapeutic Equivalency
RF  - 20
EDAT- 1992/06/11 19:15
MHDA- 2001/03/28 10:01
CRDT- 1992/06/11 19:15
PHST- 1992/06/11 19:15 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/03/28 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 1992/06/11 19:15 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Circ Shock. 1992 Jun;37(2):176-84.