PMID- 15142335
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20041109
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 0022-3573 (Print)
IS  - 0022-3573 (Linking)
VI  - 56
IP  - 5
DP  - 2004 May
TI  - Pharmaceutical evaluation of liquorice before and after roasting in mice.
PG  - 589-95
AB  - Liquorice has been used for allergic-inflammatory and liver disorders in both 
      traditional Chinese and modern medicine. In traditional Chinese formulations, it 
      is mainly roasted liquorice that has been used rather than un-roasted liquorice. 
      We have compared the pharmaceutical characteristics of liquorice before and after 
      roasting to clarify the pharmaceutical significance of the roasting. Although 
      roasted liquorice contained less glycyrrhizin (an anti-allergic component) than 
      un-roasted liquorice, the inhibitory potency of roasted liquorice extract (200 mg 
      x kg(-1)) on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated triphasic ear swelling in mice was 
      much greater compared with un-roasted liquorice. To search for additional active 
      ingredients, roasted liquorice extract was subjected to gel-chromatography to 
      give an anti-allergic fraction (Fa) of molecular weight ranging from 15000 to 
      200000 or more, in which glycyrrhizin was not detected. By testing the activity 
      of the various fractions, it was proved that the anti-allergic effect of roasted 
      liquorice was due to glycyrrhizin, its metabolite glycyrrhetic acid, and the Fa 
      fraction. The inhibitory potency of the Fa fraction (15 and 75 mg x kg(-1)) 
      prepared from roasted liquorice was stronger than that prepared from un-roasted 
      liquorice. Therefore, a pharmaceutical implication of roasting the liquorice 
      seems to be associated with an increase in the anti-allergic property of the Fa 
      fraction. It is notable that oral administration of the high molecular mass 
      fraction (Fa) significantly inhibited IgE-mediated ear swelling six days after 
      challenge at doses as low as 3, 15 or 75 mg x kg(-1).
FAU - Majima, Takami
AU  - Majima T
AD  - Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama Medical and 
      Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
FAU - Yamada, Tomohiro
AU  - Yamada T
FAU - Tega, Eiji
AU  - Tega E
FAU - Sakurai, Hiroaki
AU  - Sakurai H
FAU - Saiki, Ikuo
AU  - Saiki I
FAU - Tani, Tadato
AU  - Tani T
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - J Pharm Pharmacol
JT  - The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology
JID - 0376363
RN  - 0 (Anti-Allergic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 6FO62043WK (Glycyrrhizic Acid)
RN  - P540XA09DR (Glycyrrhetinic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Administration, Oral
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Allergic Agents/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Female
MH  - Glycyrrhetinic Acid/blood/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Glycyrrhiza/*chemistry
MH  - Glycyrrhizic Acid/blood/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - *Heating
MH  - Hypersensitivity, Immediate/drug therapy/immunology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Plant Extracts/chemistry/pharmacology
EDAT- 2004/05/15 05:00
MHDA- 2004/11/13 09:00
CRDT- 2004/05/15 05:00
PHST- 2004/05/15 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/11/13 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/05/15 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1211/0022357023286 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pharm Pharmacol. 2004 May;56(5):589-95. doi: 10.1211/0022357023286.