PMID- 15162153
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040806
LR  - 20220309
IS  - 0007-0920 (Print)
IS  - 1532-1827 (Electronic)
IS  - 0007-0920 (Linking)
VI  - 91
IP  - 1
DP  - 2004 Jul 5
TI  - Saliva--a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of oropharyngeal cancer.
PG  - 111-8
AB  - Oropharyngeal (OP) cancer, which is usually squamous cell carcinoma, is the most 
      common head and neck malignancy and accounts for 2-4% of all new cancers. It is 
      primarily induced by exposure to tobacco. The paradigm of cigarette smoke 
      (CS)-induced OP cancer's pathogenesis is based on the assumption that a constant 
      direct attack of various CS carcinogens causes widespread accumulating cellular 
      and DNA aberrations in the OP mucosal cells, in turn eventually resulting in 
      malignant transformation. However, there is never a direct contact between CS and 
      the OP mucosa. Saliva, bathing the mucosa from the oral cavity to the larynx, 
      always intervenes, and CS must first interact with saliva before it reaches the 
      mucosa. The current study investigated the role of saliva in the pathogenesis of 
      OP cancer. A synergistic effect of CS and saliva on oral cancer cells was 
      demonstrated. This synergism is based on the reaction between redox active metals 
      in saliva and low reactive free radicals in CS, which results in the production 
      of highly active hydroxyl free radicals. Thus, when exposed to CS, salivary 
      behavior is reversed and the saliva loses its antioxidant capacity and becomes a 
      potent pro-oxidant milieu. The devastating role of CS-borne aldehydes was 
      demonstrated as well. Based on these results and on our recent reports 
      demonstrating that CS destroys various salivary components, including protective 
      ones such as peroxidase, the most important salivary antioxidant enzyme, a 
      comprehensive view of the pivotal role of saliva in the pathogenesis of 
      CS-induced OP cancer is suggested.
FAU - Reznick, A Z
AU  - Reznick AZ
AD  - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Biochemistry Laboratory and 
      Salivary Clinic, Rambam Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel 
      Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
FAU - Hershkovich, O
AU  - Hershkovich O
FAU - Nagler, R M
AU  - Nagler RM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Br J Cancer
JT  - British journal of cancer
JID - 0370635
RN  - 0 (Aldehydes)
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - EC 1.11.1.7 (Peroxidase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aldehydes/adverse effects
MH  - Antioxidants
MH  - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Cell Survival
MH  - *DNA Damage
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/etiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Peroxidase/metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Saliva/*chemistry
MH  - Smoking/*adverse effects
MH  - Tumor Cells, Cultured
PMC - PMC2364762
EDAT- 2004/05/27 05:00
MHDA- 2004/08/07 05:00
PMCR- 2005/05/25
CRDT- 2004/05/27 05:00
PHST- 2004/05/27 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/08/07 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/05/27 05:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2005/05/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 6601869 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601869 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Br J Cancer. 2004 Jul 5;91(1):111-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601869.