PMID- 15173029
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20041203
LR  - 20161124
IS  - 1524-4539 (Electronic)
IS  - 0009-7322 (Linking)
VI  - 109
IP  - 23
DP  - 2004 Jun 15
TI  - G(-30)A polymorphism in the pancreatic promoter of the glucokinase gene 
      associated with angiographic coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus.
PG  - 2844-9
AB  - BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk of coronary artery 
      disease (CAD). A G(-30)A polymorphism in the beta-cell-specific promoter of 
      glucokinase (GK-30PM) has been implicated in reduced pancreatic beta-cell 
      function. Its impact on CAD has not been examined. METHODS AND RESULTS: The 
      glucokinase G(-30)A variant was determined in 2567 patients with angiographic CAD 
      and in 731 individuals in whom CAD had been ruled out by angiography. In carriers 
      of the A allele, the adjusted OR of CAD was 1.39 (95% CI, 1.15 to 1.70). 
      Corresponding ORs were 1.27 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.59) and 1.92 (95% CI, 1.26 to 
      2.93) in individuals without and with T2DM, respectively. The prevalence of the A 
      allele increased in parallel with the Friesinger coronary score. Patients with 
      T2DM were more frequent among carriers of > or =1 A allele (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 
      1.00 to 1.28). This association was stronger if CAD patients only were 
      considered. The A allele was associated with higher glucose (fasting, P=0.002; 2 
      hours after oral glucose, P=0.017) and glycohemoglobin (HbA1c; P=0.002). 
      Furthermore, presence of 1 A allele was negatively related to beta-cell function, 
      estimated by beta percent (P=0.012) and by the ratios of proinsulin to insulin 
      (P=0.025) and proinsulin to C peptide (P=0.019). CONCLUSIONS: The A allele of the 
      pancreatic promoter of glucokinase increases the risk of CAD in individuals with 
      and without T2DM. Furthermore, at least in CAD, it is associated with an 
      augmented prevalence of T2DM.
FAU - Marz, Winfried
AU  - Marz W
AD  - Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical 
      University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria. 
      winfried.maerz@klinikum-graz.at
FAU - Nauck, Markus
AU  - Nauck M
FAU - Hoffmann, Michael M
AU  - Hoffmann MM
FAU - Nagel, Dietmar
AU  - Nagel D
FAU - Boehm, Bernhard O
AU  - Boehm BO
FAU - Koenig, Wolfgang
AU  - Koenig W
FAU - Rothenbacher, Dietrich
AU  - Rothenbacher D
FAU - Winkelmann, Bernhard R
AU  - Winkelmann BR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20040601
PL  - United States
TA  - Circulation
JT  - Circulation
JID - 0147763
RN  - EC 2.7.1.2 (Glucokinase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Alleles
MH  - Coronary Angiography
MH  - Coronary Disease/diagnostic imaging/epidemiology/*genetics
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis/epidemiology/genetics
MH  - Female
MH  - Genetic Predisposition to Disease
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Glucokinase/*genetics
MH  - Glucose Tolerance Test
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Organ Specificity
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Promoter Regions, Genetic/*genetics
MH  - Risk Factors
EDAT- 2004/06/03 05:00
MHDA- 2004/12/16 09:00
CRDT- 2004/06/03 05:00
PHST- 2004/06/03 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/12/16 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/06/03 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 01.CIR.0000129306.44085.C4 [pii]
AID - 10.1161/01.CIR.0000129306.44085.C4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Circulation. 2004 Jun 15;109(23):2844-9. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000129306.44085.C4. 
      Epub 2004 Jun 1.