PMID- 15207616
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040730
LR  - 20220317
IS  - 0042-6822 (Print)
IS  - 0042-6822 (Linking)
VI  - 324
IP  - 2
DP  - 2004 Jul 1
TI  - Regulation of antigen processing and presentation molecules in West Nile 
      virus-infected human skin fibroblasts.
PG  - 286-96
AB  - Infection of humans with the West Nile flavivirus principally occurs via tick and 
      mosquito bites. Here, we document the expression of antigen processing and 
      presentation molecules in West Nile virus (WNV)-infected human skin fibroblast 
      (HFF) cells. Using a new Flavivirus-specific antibody, 4G4, we have analyzed cell 
      surface human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression on virus-infected cells at a 
      single cell level. Using this approach, we show that West Nile Virus infection 
      alters surface HLA expression on both infected HFF and neighboring uninfected HFF 
      cells. Interestingly, increased surface HLA evident on infected HFF cultures is 
      almost entirely due to virus-induced interferon (IFN)alpha/beta because 
      IFNalpha/beta-neutralizing antibodies completely prevent increased surface HLA 
      expression. In contrast, RT-PCR analysis indicates that WNV infection results in 
      increased mRNAs for HLA-A, -B, and -C genes, and HLA-associated molecules low 
      molecular weight polypeptide-2 (LMP-2) and transporter associated with antigen 
      presentation-1 (TAP-1), but induction of these mRNAs is not diminished in HFF 
      cells cultured with IFNalpha/beta-neutralizing antibodies. Taken together, these 
      data support the idea that that both cytokine-dependent and cytokine-independent 
      mechanisms account for WNV-induced HLA expression in human skin fibroblasts.
FAU - Arnold, Stephanie J
AU  - Arnold SJ
AD  - Centre for Virus Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Department of Medicine, 
      The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.
FAU - Osvath, Sarah R
AU  - Osvath SR
FAU - Hall, Roy A
AU  - Hall RA
FAU - King, Nicholas J C
AU  - King NJ
FAU - Sedger, Lisa M
AU  - Sedger LM
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Virology
JT  - Virology
JID - 0110674
RN  - 0 (ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2)
RN  - 0 (ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters)
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal)
RN  - 0 (Fluoresceins)
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
RN  - 0 (HLA-A Antigens)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (TAP1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 0 (Viral Nonstructural Proteins)
RN  - 0 (fluorescein carboxylate)
RN  - 144416-78-4 (LMP-2 protein)
RN  - 77238-31-4 (Interferon-beta)
RN  - EC 3.4.22.- (Cysteine Endopeptidases)
SB  - IM
MH  - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2
MH  - ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Antibodies, Monoclonal
MH  - Antigen-Presenting Cells/*immunology
MH  - Cysteine Endopeptidases/biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Fibroblasts/*immunology/virology
MH  - Fluoresceins
MH  - Fluorescent Antibody Technique
MH  - HLA Antigens/analysis/*biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - HLA-A Antigens/biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Interferon-beta/analysis/biosynthesis
MH  - RNA, Messenger/analysis/biosynthesis
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Skin
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysis/biosynthesis
MH  - Viral Nonstructural Proteins/*analysis/immunology
MH  - West Nile Fever/*immunology/virology
MH  - West Nile virus/growth & development/*immunology
EDAT- 2004/06/23 05:00
MHDA- 2004/07/31 05:00
CRDT- 2004/06/23 05:00
PHST- 2004/01/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2004/03/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2004/03/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2004/06/23 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/07/31 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/06/23 05:00 [entrez]
AID - S0042682204002235 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.virol.2004.03.036 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Virology. 2004 Jul 1;324(2):286-96. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.03.036.