PMID- 15270780
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050302
LR  - 20061115
IS  - 0301-4681 (Print)
IS  - 0301-4681 (Linking)
VI  - 72
IP  - 5
DP  - 2004 Jun
TI  - Early expression of thyroid hormone receptor beta and retinoid X receptor gamma 
      in the Xenopus embryo.
PG  - 239-49
AB  - The role of thyroid hormone in Xenopus metamorphosis is particularly well 
      understood as it plays an essential role in that process. However, recent 
      evidence suggests that thyroid hormone may play an earlier role in amphibian 
      embryogenesis. We demonstrate that Xenopus thyroid hormone receptor beta (XTR 
      beta) is expressed shortly after neural fold closure, and that its expression is 
      localized to the developing retina. Retinoid X receptor gamma (RXR gamma), a 
      potential dimerization partner for XTR beta, was also found to be expressed in 
      the retina at early stages, and at later stages RXR gamma was also expressed in 
      the liver diverticulum. Addition of either thyroid hormone or 9-cis retinoic 
      acid, the ligands for XTR beta and RXR gamma, respectively, did not alter the 
      expression of their receptors. However, the addition of thyroid hormone and 9-cis 
      retinoic acid did alter rhodopsin mRNA expression. Addition of thyroid hormone 
      generates a small expansion of the rhodopsin expression domain. When 9-cis 
      retinoic acid or a combination of thyroid hormone and 9-cis retinoic acid was 
      administered, there was a decrease in the expression domain of rhodopsin in the 
      developing retina. These results provide evidence for an early role for XTR beta 
      and RXR gamma in the developing Xenopus retina.
FAU - Cossette, Stephanie M M
AU  - Cossette SM
AD  - Children's Health Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of 
      Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6C 2V5, Canada .
FAU - Drysdale, Thomas A
AU  - Drysdale TA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Differentiation
JT  - Differentiation; research in biological diversity
JID - 0401650
RN  - 0 (Ligands)
RN  - 0 (Retinoid X Receptor gamma)
RN  - 0 (Thyroid Hormone Receptors beta)
RN  - 9009-81-8 (Rhodopsin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Differentiation/*physiology
MH  - Embryo, Nonmammalian/*metabolism
MH  - Eye/cytology/embryology/*metabolism
MH  - Gene Expression Profiling
MH  - Ligands
MH  - Retinoid X Receptor gamma/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - Rhodopsin/metabolism
MH  - Thyroid Hormone Receptors beta/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - Xenopus
EDAT- 2004/07/24 05:00
MHDA- 2005/03/03 09:00
CRDT- 2004/07/24 05:00
PHST- 2004/07/24 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/03/03 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/07/24 05:00 [entrez]
AID - S0301-4681(09)60305-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/j.1432-0436.2004.07205006.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Differentiation. 2004 Jun;72(5):239-49. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.2004.07205006.x.