PMID- 15276976
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060707
LR  - 20181130
IS  - 0307-9457 (Print)
IS  - 0307-9457 (Linking)
VI  - 33
IP  - 2
DP  - 2004 Apr
TI  - Walter T. Johnson (1892 to 1937): pioneer of coccidiosis research in the fowl.
PG  - 107-16
AB  - Walter T. Johnson (1892 to 1937), veterinarian at Western Washington Agricultural 
      Experiment Station (WWAES), Puyallup, Washington, USA, and subsequently poultry 
      pathologist and professor of veterinary medicine at Oregon State University 
      Agricultural Experiment Station (OSAES), Corvallis, Oregon, USA, made many 
      important contributions to our understanding of the disease coccidiosis. His 
      pioneering work included the first description of Eimeria necatrix and Eimeria 
      praecox from the chicken and identification of four other species of Eimeria from 
      the fowl. He demonstrated the relationship between numbers of oocysts ingested 
      and severity of infection, and described the phenomenon of host specificity and 
      the significance of immunity. Contrary to widespread opinion, he considered that 
      coccidia were not involved in blackhead disease and other pathological conditions 
      reported from the fowl. His views on control were ahead of his time and he 
      anticipated the possibility of vaccinating birds by infecting them with live 
      oocysts. In addition to his studies of coccidiosis, Johnson introduced a vaccine 
      for fowlpox and ran a pullorum-testing laboratory. He produced numerous articles 
      of an advisory nature on a diverse range of topics concerned with poultry and 
      cattle. Much of Johnson's research was published in bulletins of the WWAES and 
      OSAES that are not widely available and consequently have often been overlooked 
      by the scientific community. Following his premature death, the director of OSAES 
      claimed, "more information on the parasitic disease coccidiosis has been 
      discovered at the Oregon Station than at almost any other place. The Oregon 
      Station is probably the only institution in the world where six known species of 
      coccidia of the chicken are available in pure culture" (Anonymous, 1938a). This 
      is a claim that few institutions can match today.
FAU - Chapman, H D
AU  - Chapman HD
AD  - Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, 
      USA. dchapman@uark.edu
LA  - eng
PT  - Biography
PT  - Historical Article
PT  - Portrait
PL  - England
TA  - Avian Pathol
JT  - Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A
JID - 8210638
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Coccidiosis/history/immunology/*veterinary
MH  - Eimeria/isolation & purification
MH  - History, 20th Century
MH  - Poultry/immunology/parasitology
MH  - Poultry Diseases/*history/immunology/parasitology
MH  - United States
PS  - Johnson WT
FPS - Johnson, Walter T
EDAT- 2004/07/28 05:00
MHDA- 2006/07/11 09:00
CRDT- 2004/07/28 05:00
PHST- 2004/07/28 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/07/11 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/07/28 05:00 [entrez]
AID - GJ5DUVFQHARWXJXB [pii]
AID - 10.1080/0307945042000195786 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Avian Pathol. 2004 Apr;33(2):107-16. doi: 10.1080/0307945042000195786.