PMID- 15301861
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050214
LR  - 20111117
IS  - 0198-8859 (Print)
IS  - 0198-8859 (Linking)
VI  - 65
IP  - 7
DP  - 2004 Jul
TI  - Patients with early onset of type 1 diabetes have significantly higher GG 
      genotype at position 49 of the CTLA4 gene.
PG  - 719-24
AB  - Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex autoimmune disease. Several genetic loci have 
      been implicated in the susceptibility to this illness. Evaluated was the role of 
      the CTLA4 exon 1 A49G polymorphism and its role as a risk factor for T1D in our 
      population. DNA from 190 patients with T1D and their families and 96 control 
      individuals were genotyped for CTLA4 exon 1 polymorphism and human leukocyte 
      antigen (HLA)-DQB1*0201 and *0302 haplotypes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
      amplification-restriction enzyme analysis and PCR amplification that used 
      sequence-specific primers, respectively. Patients were nonobese and <26 years 
      old. The CTLA4 G allele was found to be more frequently present in patients with 
      T1D (32.4%) as compared with its frequency in control individuals (24.5%). The GG 
      genotype was also significantly higher among patients (12.6%) than in controls 
      (4.2%). chi(2) analysis and family-based association studies were performed and 
      suggested the association of CTLA4 exon 1 G polymorphism with T1D (p = 0.0229). 
      Furthermore, in HLA-DQB1*0201-positive patients with T1D, the GG and AA genotypes 
      were higher and lower, respectively, than those found in control individuals. 
      This study suggests that CTLA4 is a candidate susceptibility gene for T1D.
FAU - Zalloua, Pierre A
AU  - Zalloua PA
AD  - Program for Population Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 
      USA.
FAU - Abchee, Antoine
AU  - Abchee A
FAU - Shbaklo, Hadia
AU  - Shbaklo H
FAU - Zreik, Tony G
AU  - Zreik TG
FAU - Terwedow, Henry
AU  - Terwedow H
FAU - Halaby, Georges
AU  - Halaby G
FAU - Azar, Sami T
AU  - Azar ST
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Hum Immunol
JT  - Human immunology
JID - 8010936
RN  - 0 (Antigens, CD)
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Differentiation)
RN  - 0 (CTLA-4 Antigen)
RN  - 0 (CTLA4 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQ Antigens)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQ beta-Chains)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQB1 antigen)
RN  - 9007-49-2 (DNA)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age of Onset
MH  - Antigens, CD
MH  - Antigens, Differentiation/*genetics
MH  - CTLA-4 Antigen
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - DNA/genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Data Interpretation, Statistical
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/ethnology/*genetics
MH  - Exons/genetics
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Frequency/genetics
MH  - Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics
MH  - Genotype
MH  - HLA-DQ Antigens/genetics
MH  - HLA-DQ beta-Chains
MH  - Heterozygote
MH  - Homozygote
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lebanon
MH  - Male
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/*genetics
EDAT- 2004/08/11 05:00
MHDA- 2005/02/16 09:00
CRDT- 2004/08/11 05:00
PHST- 2004/03/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2004/04/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2004/04/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2004/08/11 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/02/16 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/08/11 05:00 [entrez]
AID - S0198885904001132 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.humimm.2004.04.007 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hum Immunol. 2004 Jul;65(7):719-24. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2004.04.007.