PMID- 15342010
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050222
LR  - 20220318
IS  - 0952-7915 (Print)
IS  - 0952-7915 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 5
DP  - 2004 Oct
TI  - Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors.
PG  - 626-33
AB  - Killer Ig-like receptors (KIRs) are surface inhibitory receptors specific for 
      allelic forms of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules, which are 
      expressed by natural killer (NK) cells and a subset of T lymphocytes. Upon 
      engagement with HLA class I molecules, KIRs block NK cell activation and 
      function. Cells lacking HLA class I molecules are promptly killed by NK cells 
      because of the predominant effect of several activating NK receptors. The 
      NK-mediated killing of these cells might represent an important defence 
      mechanism, antagonizing spreading of pathogens and tumours. Evidence has been 
      accumulated that KIR-encoding genes have evolved and diversified rapidly in 
      primates and in humans. Similar to HLA loci, KIR sequences are highly polymorphic 
      and, moreover, KIR haplotypes greatly vary in the number of the type of genes 
      they contain. KIR gene expression is regulated by mechanisms of DNA methylation. 
      As recently shown, the HLA class I regulated control of NK cell function can be 
      exploited in an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation setting to eradicate acute 
      myeloid leukaemias.
FAU - Moretta, Lorenzo
AU  - Moretta L
AD  - Istituto Giannina Gaslini, L.go G. Gaslini, 5-16147 Genova-Quarto, Italy. 
      lorenzomoretta@ospedale-gaslini.ge.it
FAU - Moretta, Alessandro
AU  - Moretta A
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Curr Opin Immunol
JT  - Current opinion in immunology
JID - 8900118
RN  - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class I)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Immunologic)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, KIR)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - Receptors, Immunologic/*genetics/*immunology
MH  - Receptors, KIR
RF  - 67
EDAT- 2004/09/03 05:00
MHDA- 2005/02/23 09:00
CRDT- 2004/09/03 05:00
PHST- 2004/09/03 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/02/23 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/09/03 05:00 [entrez]
AID - S0952-7915(04)00116-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.coi.2004.07.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Opin Immunol. 2004 Oct;16(5):626-33. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2004.07.010.