PMID- 15348441
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050308
LR  - 20191026
IS  - 0957-4530 (Print)
IS  - 0957-4530 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 5
DP  - 2003 May
TI  - Bi-composite sandwich moldings: processing, mechanical performance and bioactive 
      behavior.
PG  - 385-97
AB  - Two composite systems composed of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) filled with 
      hydroxyapatite (HA) and carbon fiber (C fiber) were compounded in a co-rotating 
      twin screw extruder and subsequently molded in a two component injection molding 
      machine in order to produce test bars with a sandwich-like morphology. These 
      moldings are based on a HDPE/HA composite outer layer and a HDPE/C fiber 
      composite core. The mechanical performance of the obtained specimens was assessed 
      by tensile and impact testing. The fracture surfaces were observed by scanning 
      electron microscopy (SEM) and optical reflectance microscopy was used to 
      characterize the morphology within the moldings. In order to study the 
      bioactivity of the molded specimens, the samples were immersed for different 
      periods of time up to 30 days in a simulated-body fluid (SBF) with an ion 
      composition similar to human blood plasma. After each immersion period, the 
      surfaces of the specimens were characterized by SEM. The chemical composition and 
      the structure of the deposited films were studied by electron dispersive 
      spectroscopy (EDS) and thin-film X-ray diffraction (TF-XRD). The evolution of the 
      elemental concentrations in the SBF solution was determined by induced coupled 
      plasma emission (ICP) spectroscopy. Bi-composite moldings featuring a 
      sandwich-like morphology were successfully produced. These moldings present a 
      high stiffness as a result of the C fiber reinforcement present in the molding 
      core. Furthermore, as a result of the HA loading, the sandwich moldings exhibit a 
      clear in vitro bioactive behavior under simulated physiological conditions, which 
      indicates that an in vivo bone-bonding behavior can be expected for these 
      materials.
FAU - Sousa, R A
AU  - Sousa RA
AD  - Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, 
      Portugal. rasousa@dep.uminho.pt
FAU - Oliveira, A L
AU  - Oliveira AL
FAU - Reis, R L
AU  - Reis RL
FAU - Cunha, A M
AU  - Cunha AM
FAU - Bevis, M J
AU  - Bevis MJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Mater Sci Mater Med
JT  - Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine
JID - 9013087
EDAT- 2004/09/07 05:00
MHDA- 2004/09/07 05:01
CRDT- 2004/09/07 05:00
PHST- 2004/09/07 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/09/07 05:01 [medline]
PHST- 2004/09/07 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 5123723 [pii]
AID - 10.1023/a:1023294615866 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2003 May;14(5):385-97. doi: 10.1023/a:1023294615866.