PMID- 15478779
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050118
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 0002-9645 (Print)
IS  - 0002-9645 (Linking)
VI  - 65
IP  - 9
DP  - 2004 Sep
TI  - Spatial dispersal of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome 
      virus-contaminated flies after contact with experimentally infected pigs.
PG  - 1284-92
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine whether flies can acquire porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and disperse the virus throughout a designated 
      area. ANIMALS: 60 four-month-old pigs. PROCEDURE: On day 0, 28 of 60 pigs were 
      inoculated with PRRSV MN 30-100 (index variant). On the same day, 100,000 pupae 
      of ochre-eyed houseflies and 100,000 pupae of red-eyed (wild-type) houseflies 
      were placed in the swine facility for a release-recapture study. Flies were 
      recaptured at 2 locations within the swine facility, 6 locations immediately 
      outside the facility, and 30 locations 0.4, 0.8, 1.3, 1.7, 1.9, and 2.3 km from 
      the facility. Traps were emptied on days 2, 7, 8, 10, and 14. Samples derived 
      from flies were tested by use of a polymerase chain reaction assay, virus DNA was 
      sequenced, and viruses were tested for infectivity by means of a swine bioassay. 
      RESULTS: PRRSV RNA homologous to the index PRRSV was detected in trapped flies 
      collected inside and immediately outside the facility and from 9 of 48 samples 
      collected at 0.4 km, 8 of 24 samples collected at 0.8 km, 5 of 24 samples 
      collected at 1.3 km, and 3 of 84 samples collected at > 1.7 km from the facility. 
      Two samples collected at 0.8 km contained genetically diverse variants of PRRSV. 
      Swine bioassays revealed the virus in flies was infectious. CONCLUSIONS AND 
      CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Flies appeared to become contaminated with PRRSV from 
      infected pigs and transported the virus > or = 1.7 km. Fly-born transmission may 
      explain how PRRSV is seasonally transported between farms.
FAU - Schurrer, Jennifer A
AU  - Schurrer JA
AD  - Swine Disease Eradication Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of 
      Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.
FAU - Dee, Scott A
AU  - Dee SA
FAU - Moon, Roger D
AU  - Moon RD
FAU - Rossow, Kurt D
AU  - Rossow KD
FAU - Mahlum, Carrie
AU  - Mahlum C
FAU - Mondaca, Enrique
AU  - Mondaca E
FAU - Otake, Satoshi
AU  - Otake S
FAU - Fano, Eduardo
AU  - Fano E
FAU - Collins, James E
AU  - Collins JE
FAU - Pijoan, Carlos
AU  - Pijoan C
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Vet Res
JT  - American journal of veterinary research
JID - 0375011
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Carrier State/transmission
MH  - *Demography
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary
MH  - Houseflies/physiology/*virology
MH  - Insect Vectors/*virology
MH  - Likelihood Functions
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*transmission
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*genetics/pathogenicity
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA/veterinary
MH  - Sus scrofa
MH  - Swine Diseases/transmission/*virology
EDAT- 2004/10/14 09:00
MHDA- 2005/01/19 09:00
CRDT- 2004/10/14 09:00
PHST- 2004/10/14 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/01/19 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/10/14 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.1284 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Vet Res. 2004 Sep;65(9):1284-92. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.1284.