PMID- 15507306
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20041229
LR  - 20210119
IS  - 0165-2427 (Print)
IS  - 1873-2534 (Electronic)
IS  - 0165-2427 (Linking)
VI  - 102
IP  - 3
DP  - 2004 Dec 8
TI  - Deciphering the involvement of innate immune factors in the development of the 
      host response to PRRSV vaccination.
PG  - 199-216
AB  - The natural response of pigs to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome 
      virus (PRRSV) infections and vaccinations needs to be altered so that better 
      protection is afforded against both homologous and heterologous challenges by 
      this pathogen. To address this problem, real-time gene expression assays were 
      coupled with cytokine Elispot and protein analyses to assess the nature of the 
      anti-PRRSV response of pigs immunized with modified live virus (MLV) vaccine. 
      Although T helper 1 (Th1) immunity was elicited in all vaccinated animals, as 
      evidenced by the genesis of PRRSV-specific interferon-gamma secreting cells (IFNG 
      SC), the overall extent of the memory response was variable and generally weak. 
      Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from these pigs responded to 
      PRRSV exposure with a limited increase in their expression of the Th1 immune 
      markers, IFNG, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-15 (IL15), and a 
      reduction in the quantity of mRNAs encoding the innate and inflammatory proteins, 
      IL1B, IL8 and IFNA. Efforts to enhance Th1 immunity, by utilizing an expression 
      plasmid encoding porcine IFNA (pINA) as an adjuvant, resulted in a temporary 
      increase in the frequency of PRRSV-specific IFNG SC but only minor changes 
      overall in the expression of Th1 associated cytokine or innate immune marker mRNA 
      by virus-stimulated PBMC. Administration of pINA, however, did correlate with 
      decreased IL1B secretion by cultured, unstimulated PBMC but had no effect on 
      their ability to release IFNG. Thus, while exogenous addition of IFNA during 
      PRRSV vaccination has an impact on the development of a Th1 immune response, 
      other alterations will be required for substantial boosting of virus-specific 
      protection.
FAU - Royaee, Atabak R
AU  - Royaee AR
AD  - Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, 
      Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, ARS, BARC, USDA, Beltsville, MD 
      20705, USA.
FAU - Husmann, Robert J
AU  - Husmann RJ
FAU - Dawson, Harry D
AU  - Dawson HD
FAU - Calzada-Nova, Gabriela
AU  - Calzada-Nova G
FAU - Schnitzlein, William M
AU  - Schnitzlein WM
FAU - Zuckermann, Federico A
AU  - Zuckermann FA
FAU - Lunney, Joan K
AU  - Lunney JK
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Vet Immunol Immunopathol
JT  - Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
JID - 8002006
RN  - 0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Interferon-alpha)
RN  - 0 (Vaccines, Attenuated)
RN  - 0 (Viral Vaccines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adjuvants, Immunologic
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytokines/immunology
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/*immunology
MH  - Immunity, Cellular
MH  - Interferon-alpha/genetics/*immunology
MH  - Macrophages/immunology/metabolism
MH  - Plasmids/genetics/immunology
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/immunology/prevention & control
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*immunology
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Swine/*immunology
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Up-Regulation/immunology
MH  - Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology
MH  - Viral Vaccines/*immunology
PMC - PMC7112652
EDAT- 2004/10/28 09:00
MHDA- 2004/12/30 09:00
PMCR- 2004/10/26
CRDT- 2004/10/28 09:00
PHST- 2004/10/28 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/12/30 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/10/28 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2004/10/26 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0165-2427(04)00253-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.vetimm.2004.09.018 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2004 Dec 8;102(3):199-216. doi: 
      10.1016/j.vetimm.2004.09.018.