PMID- 15521554
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050225
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0019-5499 (Print)
IS  - 0019-5499 (Linking)
VI  - 48
IP  - 2
DP  - 2004 Apr
TI  - Persistent/delayed toxic effects of low-dose sarin and pyridostigmine under 
      physical stress (exercise) in mice.
PG  - 150-64
AB  - Pyridostigmine bromide, a reversible anticholinesterase drug, was used by 
      military personnel during the Gulf War. They were under physical stress and might 
      have been exposed to low-dose nerve gas, sarin. This study examined the 
      interactions of low-dose sarin and pyridostigmine in exercised mice. Male NIH 
      Swiss mice were treated as follows: 1) Control; 2) Sarin (0.01 mg/kg, sc); 3) 
      exercise; 4) sarin plus exercise; 5) pyridostigmine; 6) pyridostigmine plus 
      exercise; 7) pyridostigmine plus sarin; 8) pyridostigmine plus sarin plus 
      exercise. Exercise was given daily for 10 weeks on treadmill and pyridostigmine 
      and sarin were administered daily during the 5th and 6th weeks only. Respiratory 
      exchange ratio decreased significantly during the dosing period of 5th and 6th 
      weeks in groups 4, 6, and 8. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the ten-week 
      exercise, tissues isolated and analyzed. Sarin significantly decreased 
      butyrylcholine esterase (BChE) activity in plasma; AChE activity in platelet, 
      triceps muscle, and striatum; neurotoxic esterase (NTE) activity in platelets, 
      spinal cord, cortex and striatum and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in sciatic 
      nerve and cord. Sarin plus exercise significantly reduced BChE activity in 
      plasma; acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in platelets, muscle, nerve and 
      striatum; NTE activity in platelets, cord, cortex and striatum; and increased 
      creatinine phosphokinase (CK) activity in plasma and MDA levels in cord. 
      Pyridostigmine plus exercise significantly decrease BChE activity in plasma; AChE 
      activity in muscle and enhanced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in muscle. 
      Pyridostigmine plus sarin significantly decreased NTE activity in platelets, 
      cord, cortex and striatum. Pyridostigmine plus sarin plus exercise significantly 
      altered AChE activity and MDA levels in muscle; and NTE activity in platelets, 
      nerve, cord and cortex. Exercise significantly augmented the changes in plasma CK 
      activity, muscle and nerve AChE activity, platelet NTE activity and cord MDA 
      levels induced by sarin. It is concluded that physical stress (exercise) enhanced 
      the persistent/delayed toxic effects of low-dose sarin and pyridostigmine in 
      specific tissues of mice.
FAU - Husain, Kazim
AU  - Husain K
AD  - Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of 
      Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, USA.
FAU - Somani, Satu M
AU  - Somani SM
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - India
TA  - Indian J Physiol Pharmacol
JT  - Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology
JID - 0374707
RN  - B4XG72QGFM (Sarin)
RN  - KVI301NA53 (Pyridostigmine Bromide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Physical Exertion/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Pyridostigmine Bromide/administration & dosage/*toxicity
MH  - Sarin/administration & dosage/*toxicity
MH  - Stress, Physiological/*metabolism
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2004/11/04 09:00
MHDA- 2005/02/26 09:00
CRDT- 2004/11/04 09:00
PHST- 2004/11/04 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/02/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/11/04 09:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2004 Apr;48(2):150-64.