PMID- 15531552
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20041202
LR  - 20041108
IS  - 0021-972X (Print)
IS  - 0021-972X (Linking)
VI  - 89
IP  - 11
DP  - 2004 Nov
TI  - Decreased expression of retinoid X receptor isoforms in human thyroid carcinomas.
PG  - 5851-61
AB  - Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are ligand-inducible transcription factors that 
      belong to the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. Because RXRs 
      heterodimerize with thyroid hormone receptor, retinoic acid receptor, vitamin 
      D(3) receptor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, they play central 
      roles in regulating a number of signaling pathways. To understand the roles of 
      RXRs in human thyroid carcinogenesis, we have investigated the 
      immunohistochemical expression of RXRs in normal and neoplastic thyroid tissues. 
      Whereas nontumorous human thyroid cells exhibited distinct nuclear staining for 
      the RXRs, thyroid carcinomas showed decreased nuclear expression of all three RXR 
      isoforms. In particular, some thyroid carcinoma cells showed intense RXR-alpha 
      cytoplasmic staining accompanied by decreased immunoreactivity in their nuclei. 
      This subcellular localization of RXR-alpha was confirmed by Western blot 
      analysis, which showed both lower nuclear expression levels of RXR-alpha and a 
      cytosolic presence of RXR-related protein in neoplastic regions. We present here, 
      for the first time, the histological distribution of each RXR protein (alpha, 
      beta, and gamma) in human thyroid follicular cells. In addition, we found that 
      the nuclear expression of RXRs was lower in thyroid carcinomas than in normal 
      tissue. The differential expressions of these RXRs in thyroid carcinomas might be 
      implicated in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancers.
FAU - Takiyama, Yumi
AU  - Takiyama Y
AD  - The Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical 
      College, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan. 
      taka0716@asahikawa-med.ac.jp.
FAU - Miyokawa, Naoyuki
AU  - Miyokawa N
FAU - Sugawara, Akira
AU  - Sugawara A
FAU - Kato, Shizuo
AU  - Kato S
FAU - Ito, Koichi
AU  - Ito K
FAU - Sato, Keisuke
AU  - Sato K
FAU - Oikawa, Kensuke
AU  - Oikawa K
FAU - Kobayashi, Hiroya
AU  - Kobayashi H
FAU - Kimura, Shoji
AU  - Kimura S
FAU - Tateno, Masatoshi
AU  - Tateno M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Clin Endocrinol Metab
JT  - The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
JID - 0375362
RN  - 0 (Protein Isoforms)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Retinoid X Receptors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Carcinoma, Papillary/chemistry
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Molecular Weight
MH  - Protein Isoforms
MH  - RNA, Messenger/analysis
MH  - Retinoid X Receptors/*analysis/genetics
MH  - Thyroid Gland/chemistry
MH  - Thyroid Neoplasms/*chemistry
EDAT- 2004/11/09 09:00
MHDA- 2004/12/16 09:00
CRDT- 2004/11/09 09:00
PHST- 2004/11/09 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/12/16 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/11/09 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 89/11/5851 [pii]
AID - 10.1210/jc.2003-032036 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Nov;89(11):5851-61. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-032036.