PMID- 15559754
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050201
LR  - 20220311
IS  - 1041-6102 (Print)
IS  - 1041-6102 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 3
DP  - 2004 Sep
TI  - A systematic review of the association between the Behavioral and Psychological 
      Symptoms of Dementia and burden of care.
PG  - 295-315
AB  - BACKGROUND: Several reports have indicated that the Behavioral and Psychological 
      Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) are associated with increased burden of care, carer 
      depression and increased rates of institutionalization of patients. The present 
      study aims to review the association between these variables in cross-sectional 
      as well as longitudinal studies. METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 
      all available information published in English between January 1990 and December 
      2001 was made. Case-reports, case-series and studies with 20 or fewer subjects 
      were excluded from the analyses. RESULTS: Thirty articles are included in the 
      review of cross-sectional data and 12 in the systematic review of longitudinal 
      data. Pooled correlation coefficients were generated for the relationship between 
      BPSD and caregiver burden (r(pooled) = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.52 to 0.62), caregiver 
      psychological distress (r(pooled) = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.32 to 0.49) and caregiver 
      depression (r(pooled) = 0.30; 95% CI= 0.21 to 0.39), suggesting that these 
      concepts have a moderately strong association. Multivariate data, on the whole, 
      further supported the notion that BPSD are a predictor of burden of care and of 
      psychological distress and depression. Limited longitudinal data made clarifying 
      the temporal relationahip between BPSD and the psychological sequelae of care 
      (PSC) difficult. The limited data pertaining to the relationship between BPSD and 
      institutionalization suggest that caregiver variables may be more important in 
      predicting institutionalization than BPSD. Methodological issues and limitations 
      associated with this type of investigation were also considered. CONCLUSION: The 
      results of this review support, but do not conclusively establish, the 
      association between BPSD and PSC. We propose that the concept of burden of care 
      be abandoned in favor of more clinically relevant outcomes such as caregiver 
      depression.
FAU - Black, Warwick
AU  - Black W
AD  - Perth Clinic, Australia
FAU - Almeida, Osvaldo P
AU  - Almeida OP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
PL  - England
TA  - Int Psychogeriatr
JT  - International psychogeriatrics
JID - 9007918
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Dementia/*epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Mental Disorders/*epidemiology
MH  - Middle Aged
RF  - 123
EDAT- 2004/11/24 09:00
MHDA- 2005/02/03 09:00
CRDT- 2004/11/24 09:00
PHST- 2004/11/24 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/02/03 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/11/24 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1017/s1041610204000468 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int Psychogeriatr. 2004 Sep;16(3):295-315. doi: 10.1017/s1041610204000468.