PMID- 15562251
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050412
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0193-1849 (Print)
IS  - 0193-1849 (Linking)
VI  - 288
IP  - 4
DP  - 2005 Apr
TI  - Combined ingestion of protein and free leucine with carbohydrate increases 
      postexercise muscle protein synthesis in vivo in male subjects.
PG  - E645-53
AB  - The present study was designed to determine postexercise muscle protein synthesis 
      and whole body protein balance following the combined ingestion of carbohydrate 
      with or without protein and/or free leucine. Eight male subjects were randomly 
      assigned to three trials in which they consumed drinks containing either 
      carbohydrate (CHO), carbohydrate and protein (CHO+PRO), or carbohydrate, protein, 
      and free leucine (CHO+PRO+Leu) following 45 min of resistance exercise. A primed, 
      continuous infusion of L-[ring-13C6]phenylalanine was applied, with blood samples 
      and muscle biopsies collected to assess fractional synthetic rate (FSR) in the 
      vastus lateralis muscle as well as whole body protein turnover during 6 h of 
      postexercise recovery. Plasma insulin response was higher in the CHO+PRO+Leu 
      compared with the CHO and CHO+PRO trials (+240 +/- 19% and +77 +/- 11%, 
      respectively, P < 0.05). Whole body protein breakdown rates were lower, and whole 
      body protein synthesis rates were higher, in the CHO+PRO and CHO+PRO+Leu trials 
      compared with the CHO trial (P < 0.05). Addition of leucine in the CHO+PRO+Leu 
      trial resulted in a lower protein oxidation rate compared with the CHO+PRO trial. 
      Protein balance was negative during recovery in the CHO trial but positive in the 
      CHO+PRO and CHO+PRO+Leu trials. In the CHO+PRO+Leu trial, whole body net protein 
      balance was significantly greater compared with values observed in the CHO+PRO 
      and CHO trials (P < 0.05). Mixed muscle FSR, measured over a 6-h period of 
      postexercise recovery, was significantly greater in the CHO+PRO+Leu trial 
      compared with the CHO trial (0.095 +/- 0.006 vs. 0.061 +/- 0.008%/h, 
      respectively, P < 0.05), with intermediate values observed in the CHO+PRO trial 
      (0.0820 +/- 0.0104%/h). We conclude that coingestion of protein and leucine 
      stimulates muscle protein synthesis and optimizes whole body protein balance 
      compared with the intake of carbohydrate only.
FAU - Koopman, Rene
AU  - Koopman R
AD  - Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD 
      Maastricht, The Netherlands. R.Koopman@HB.unimaas.nl
FAU - Wagenmakers, Anton J M
AU  - Wagenmakers AJ
FAU - Manders, Ralph J F
AU  - Manders RJ
FAU - Zorenc, Antoine H G
AU  - Zorenc AH
FAU - Senden, Joan M G
AU  - Senden JM
FAU - Gorselink, Marchel
AU  - Gorselink M
FAU - Keizer, Hans A
AU  - Keizer HA
FAU - van Loon, Luc J C
AU  - van Loon LJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20041123
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
JT  - American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
JID - 100901226
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Muscle Proteins)
RN  - 42HK56048U (Tyrosine)
RN  - 47E5O17Y3R (Phenylalanine)
RN  - GMW67QNF9C (Leucine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Dietary Proteins/*administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Exercise/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Leucine/*administration & dosage/blood/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Muscle Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/*metabolism
MH  - Phenylalanine/blood
MH  - Tyrosine/blood
EDAT- 2004/11/25 09:00
MHDA- 2005/04/13 09:00
CRDT- 2004/11/25 09:00
PHST- 2004/11/25 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/04/13 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/11/25 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 00413.2004 [pii]
AID - 10.1152/ajpendo.00413.2004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Apr;288(4):E645-53. doi: 
      10.1152/ajpendo.00413.2004. Epub 2004 Nov 23.