PMID- 15592005
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050125
LR  - 20071115
IS  - 0736-0258 (Print)
IS  - 0736-0258 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 5
DP  - 2004 Sep-Oct
TI  - The EEG in metabolic encephalopathy and coma.
PG  - 307-18
AB  - Excellent early work on stupor and coma can be found (particularly with regard to 
      anoxia) in the work of Fischgold and Mathis (1959) in France, and Pamela Prior in 
      England (1973a). These workers correlated deepening levels of coma with 
      particular EEG patterns, and the suppression of EEG reactivity. Alpha frequency 
      patterns in coma (alpha coma), spindle-like sleep patterns in coma (spindle coma) 
      and "triphasic waves" are among the wide variety of endocrine disorders discussed 
      in case reports and series leading to identification of particular EEG patterns. 
      EEG correlations with prognosis are most reliable with cardiorespiratory arrest 
      (CRA) with its consequent anoxic-ischemic insult. If etiology is known, EEG can 
      often be a reliable predictor of outcome. EEG usually has little specificity with 
      regards to etiology, but some patterns do favor particular diagnoses: for 
      example, triphasic waves (TWs) are frequently seen with hepatic and renal 
      insufficiency in young adults; spindle coma patterns are believed to indicate 
      dysfunction at the brainstem level (Chatrian, 1990). EEG is most useful in 
      differentiating organic from psychiatric conditions, in excluding nonconvulsive 
      status epilepticus (NCSE), and in providing a rough guide as to the degree of 
      cortical and subcortical dysfunction.
FAU - Kaplan, Peter W
AU  - Kaplan PW
AD  - Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern 
      Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224, U.S.A. pkaplan@jhmi.edu
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - J Clin Neurophysiol
JT  - Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American 
      Electroencephalographic Society
JID - 8506708
SB  - IM
MH  - Alpha Rhythm/methods
MH  - Brain Diseases, Metabolic/*complications/*diagnosis
MH  - Brain Mapping/methods
MH  - Clinical Trials as Topic
MH  - Cognition Disorders/*diagnosis/*etiology
MH  - Coma/*diagnosis/*etiology
MH  - Electroencephalography/*methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - Prognosis
RF  - 116
EDAT- 2004/12/14 09:00
MHDA- 2005/01/26 09:00
CRDT- 2004/12/14 09:00
PHST- 2004/12/14 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/01/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/12/14 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 00004691-200409000-00002 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Neurophysiol. 2004 Sep-Oct;21(5):307-18.