PMID- 15617632
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050201
LR  - 20140723
IS  - 1064-1955 (Print)
IS  - 1064-1955 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 3
DP  - 2004
TI  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in whole blood cultures of preeclamptic patients and 
      healthy pregnant and nonpregnant women.
PG  - 319-29
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is recognized as a likely 
      mediator of the excessive endothelial activation and injury that is a key 
      pathogenetic mechanism of preeclampsia. We used whole blood cell cultures from 12 
      patients with severe preeclampsia and from 12 healthy pregnant and nonpregnant 
      women to determine the release of TNF-alpha by unstimulated leukocytes as a 
      measure of their state of activation, and their response to stimulation with 
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as an indicator of their state of priming. METHODS: 
      Blood was cultivated without and with LPS, and TNF-alpha release was measured 
      after six and 24 hours of cultivation by enzyme-linked immunoassays. Differential 
      leukocyte counts were performed, and TNF-alpha values calculated per 10(5) 
      monocytes. RESULTS: In unstimulated whole blood cultures, TNF-alpha release after 
      six hours of cultivation was similar in all three groups; but after 24 hours, 
      TNF-alpha concentrations in culture supernatants from preeclamptic patients were 
      significantly higher than were values obtained in blood from normotensive 
      pregnant women. In LPS-stimulated blood cultures with a maximum of TNF-alpha 
      release at six hours cultivation time, TNF-alpha concentrations were 
      significantly lower in preeclamptic women than they were in both control groups. 
      We showed in an additional experiment that a strong LPS challenge following 
      preactivation with high doses of LPS resulted in reduced release of TNF-alpha 
      compared with release of TNF-alpha following preactivation with low doses of LPS. 
      CONCLUSIONS: The observed high capacity for spontaneous TNF-alpha release by 
      leukocytes in preeclampsia indicates activation of TNF-alpha producing leukocytes 
      by the disease process. Preactivation and exhaustion of leukocytes by leakage of 
      TNF-alpha could lead to the reduced response to TNF-alpha inducer LPS as observed 
      in blood cultures from preeclamptic patients.
FAU - Beckmann, Ilse
AU  - Beckmann I
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, 
      Rotterdam, The Netherlands. i.dimigen-beckmann@erasmusmc.nl
FAU - Efraim, Shlomo Ben
AU  - Efraim SB
FAU - Vervoort, Monica
AU  - Vervoort M
FAU - Visser, Wil
AU  - Visser W
FAU - Wallenburg, Henk C S
AU  - Wallenburg HC
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Hypertens Pregnancy
JT  - Hypertension in pregnancy
JID - 9421297
RN  - 0 (Lipopolysaccharides)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - C137DTR5RG (Theophylline)
RN  - ZTY15D026H (bamifylline)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leukocyte Count
MH  - Leukocytes/metabolism
MH  - Lipopolysaccharides
MH  - Pre-Eclampsia/*blood
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Theophylline/*analogs & derivatives
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*analysis
EDAT- 2004/12/25 09:00
MHDA- 2005/02/03 09:00
CRDT- 2004/12/25 09:00
PHST- 2004/12/25 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/02/03 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/12/25 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 200030334 [pii]
AID - 10.1081/PRG-200030334 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hypertens Pregnancy. 2004;23(3):319-29. doi: 10.1081/PRG-200030334.