PMID- 15618128
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050203
LR  - 20220331
IS  - 1535-3702 (Print)
IS  - 1535-3699 (Electronic)
IS  - 1535-3699 (Linking)
VI  - 230
IP  - 1
DP  - 2005 Jan
TI  - Proinflammatory cytokines and the hypermetabolism of children with sickle cell 
      disease.
PG  - 68-74
AB  - Sickle cell anemia (HbSS) includes chronic inflammation, but the origin is 
      unclear. We hypothesized that in stable HbSS patients the inflammation was 
      associated with hypermetabolism. We compared selected hypermetabolic and key 
      immunomodulator indicators in HbSS versus control children and examined 
      associations between measures of hypermetabolism and inflammation. Twelve fasting 
      asymptomatic HbSS children 6-12 years and 9 controls matched for age, gender and 
      fat mass (FM) were studied. Proportional reticulocyte count (retic%) and resting 
      energy expenditure (REE) represented hypermetabolism, and C-reactive protein 
      (CRP) indicated inflammation. Proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis 
      factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), chemokine monocyte 
      chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and energy balance cytokine leptin were 
      measured. Methods were indirect calorimetry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 
      and radioimmunoassay. Statistical analysis included simple correlation and 
      regression analysis. REE (51 +/- 6 vs. 43 +/- 12 kcal/kg per fat-free mass (FFM), 
      mean +/- SD), retic% (12 +/- 4 vs. 0.7 +/- 0.3%), CRP (5 +/- 3 vs. 0.3 +/- 0.4 
      mg/liter), and IL-6 (71 +/- 40 vs. 20 +/- 7 pg/ml) were significantly higher for 
      HbSS than controls (P < 0.05). Conversely, leptin (0.1 +/- 0.1 vs. 2 +/- 1 
      microg/liter per kgFM) and MCP-1 (34 +/- 5 vs. 41 +/- 4 pg/ml) were significantly 
      lower for the HbSS subjects (P < 0.01). TNF-alpha was not significantly 
      different. There were no significant associations between REE or retic% and any 
      cytokine measured. However, CRP was significantly associated with REE in HbSS (r 
      = 0.8, P = 0.003) and an important predictor of REE/FFM. We provide new evidence 
      for low circulating levels of inflammatory chemokine MCP-1 in stable HbSS 
      children, confirm mostly low cytokine levels, inflammation, and hypermetabolism 
      and demonstrate association of hypermetabolism with inflammation via CRP but not 
      via cytokines.
FAU - Hibbert, Jacqueline M
AU  - Hibbert JM
AD  - Microbiology/Biochemistry/Immunology/Pediatrics, Morehouse School of Medicine, 
      720 Westview Drive, S.W., Atlanta, Georgia 30310-1495, USA. hibberj@msm.edu
FAU - Hsu, Lewis L
AU  - Hsu LL
FAU - Bhathena, Sam J
AU  - Bhathena SJ
FAU - Irune, Ikovwa
AU  - Irune I
FAU - Sarfo, Bismark
AU  - Sarfo B
FAU - Creary, Melissa S
AU  - Creary MS
FAU - Gee, Beatrice E
AU  - Gee BE
FAU - Mohamed, Ali I
AU  - Mohamed AI
FAU - Buchanan, Iris D
AU  - Buchanan ID
FAU - Al-Mahmoud, Ahmad
AU  - Al-Mahmoud A
FAU - Stiles, Jonathan K
AU  - Stiles JK
LA  - eng
GR  - S06 GM-008248/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - G12 RR003034/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - M01 RR-00039/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - M01 RR000039/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - S06 GM008248/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - G12-RR03034/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Exp Biol Med (Maywood)
JT  - Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)
JID - 100973463
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
RN  - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anemia, Sickle Cell/*blood
MH  - Body Composition
MH  - C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
MH  - Child
MH  - Cytokines/*blood
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/*blood
MH  - Male
PMC - PMC4033607
MID - NIHMS583687
EDAT- 2004/12/25 09:00
MHDA- 2005/02/04 09:00
PMCR- 2014/05/26
CRDT- 2004/12/25 09:00
PHST- 2004/12/25 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/02/04 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/12/25 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 230/1/68 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/153537020523000109 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2005 Jan;230(1):68-74. doi: 10.1177/153537020523000109.