PMID- 15652326
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050316
LR  - 20061115
IS  - 1053-8119 (Print)
IS  - 1053-8119 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 3
DP  - 2005 Feb 1
TI  - Distinct neural substrates for the perception of real and virtual visual worlds.
PG  - 928-35
AB  - Virtual environments have been frequently used for training and skill 
      improvement. However, do real and virtual worlds engage the same brain states in 
      human perceivers? We measured brain activity using functional magnetic resonance 
      imaging (fMRI) while adults watched movie and cartoon clips, simulating real and 
      virtual visual worlds, respectively. Relative to baselines using random static 
      images, the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and the cerebellum were activated 
      only by movie clips of other humans. In contrast, cartoon clips of human and 
      non-human agents activated the superior parietal lobes, while movie clips of 
      animals also activated the superior parietal lobes. Our fMRI findings suggest 
      that the perception of real-world humans is characterised by the involvement of 
      MPFC and the cerebellum, most likely for on-line representation of the mental 
      states of others, whereas the perception of virtual-world agents engages the 
      parietal cortex in attention to actions.
FAU - Han, Shihui
AU  - Han S
AD  - Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, PR China. shan@pku.edu.cn
FAU - Jiang, Yi
AU  - Jiang Y
FAU - Humphreys, Glyn W
AU  - Humphreys GW
FAU - Zhou, Tiangang
AU  - Zhou T
FAU - Cai, Peng
AU  - Cai P
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20041118
PL  - United States
TA  - Neuroimage
JT  - NeuroImage
JID - 9215515
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Brain/*physiology
MH  - Brain Mapping
MH  - *Computer Graphics
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Male
MH  - Photic Stimulation
MH  - *User-Computer Interface
MH  - Visual Perception/*physiology
EDAT- 2005/01/18 09:00
MHDA- 2005/03/17 09:00
CRDT- 2005/01/18 09:00
PHST- 2004/08/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2004/09/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2004/09/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2005/01/18 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/03/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/01/18 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1053-8119(04)00588-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.046 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuroimage. 2005 Feb 1;24(3):928-35. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.046. Epub 
      2004 Nov 18.