PMID- 15723231
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050818
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0033-3158 (Print)
IS  - 0033-3158 (Linking)
VI  - 179
IP  - 3
DP  - 2005 May
TI  - Impaired perception of self-motion (heading) in abstinent ecstasy and marijuana 
      users.
PG  - 559-66
AB  - RATIONALE: Illicit drug use can increase driver crash risk due to loss of control 
      over vehicle trajectory. This study asks, does recreational use of 
      +/-3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) and tetrahydrocannabinol 
      (THC; marijuana) impair cognitive processes that help direct our safe movement 
      through the world? OBJECTIVE: This study assesses the residual effects of 
      combined MDMA/THC use, and of THC use alone, upon perceived trajectory of travel. 
      METHODS: Perception of self-motion, or heading, from optical flow patterns was 
      assessed using stimuli comprising random dot ground planes presented at three 
      different densities and eight heading angles (1, 2, 4 and 8 degrees to the left 
      or right). On each trial, subjects reported if direction of travel was to the 
      left or the right. RESULTS: Results showed impairments in both drug groups, with 
      the MDMA/THC group performing the worst. CONCLUSIONS: The finding that these 
      psychoactive agents adversely affect heading perception, even in recently 
      abstinent users, raises potential concerns about MDMA use and driving ability.
FAU - Rizzo, M
AU  - Rizzo M
AD  - Division of Neuroergonomics and Division of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive 
      Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, The University of Iowa Carver College of 
      Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA. matthew-rizzo@uiowa.edu
FAU - Lamers, C T J
AU  - Lamers CT
FAU - Sauer, C G
AU  - Sauer CG
FAU - Ramaekers, J G
AU  - Ramaekers JG
FAU - Bechara, A
AU  - Bechara A
FAU - Andersen, G J
AU  - Andersen GJ
LA  - eng
GR  - AG 17177/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P0 NS19632/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
DEP - 20050219
PL  - Germany
TA  - Psychopharmacology (Berl)
JT  - Psychopharmacology
JID - 7608025
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Marijuana Abuse/psychology
MH  - Motion Perception/*drug effects/physiology
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*toxicity
MH  - Perceptual Disorders/*chemically induced/psychology
MH  - Photic Stimulation/*methods
MH  - Psychomotor Performance/drug effects/physiology
EDAT- 2005/02/22 09:00
MHDA- 2005/08/19 09:00
CRDT- 2005/02/22 09:00
PHST- 2004/04/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2004/11/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2005/02/22 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/08/19 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/02/22 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00213-004-2100-7 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005 May;179(3):559-66. doi: 
      10.1007/s00213-004-2100-7. Epub 2005 Feb 19.