PMID- 15728756
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050811
LR  - 20171128
IS  - 1064-7481 (Print)
IS  - 1064-7481 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 3
DP  - 2005 Mar
TI  - IADL functions, cognitive deficits, and severity of depression: a preliminary 
      study.
PG  - 244-9
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Despite the documented association of cognitive dysfunction with 
      impairment in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) in geriatric 
      depression, the relationship among deficits in distinct IADLs with severity of 
      depression and specific cognitive impairments remains to be clarified. The 
      authors examined the relationship of depression severity and the cognitive 
      domains of attention, initiation/perseveration, construction, conceptualization, 
      and memory to nine distinct IADLs. METHODS: The subjects were 105 nondemented 
      elderly patients but with impairment in at least one IADL and a history or 
      presence of major depression. Impairment in IADLs and severity of depression were 
      assessed with the Philadelphia Multilevel Assessment Instrument (MAI) and the 
      24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (Ham-D), respectively. Cognitive 
      dysfunction was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and the Mattis 
      Dementia Rating Scale (DRS). RESULTS: Six IADLs were influenced by impairment in 
      at least one of the cognitive domains. Abnormal scores in 
      initiation/perseveration, an aspect of executive dysfunction, was the cognitive 
      impairment affecting most IADLs; it interfered with the ability to shop for 
      groceries, prepare meals, take medicine, and manage money. Impairment in 
      initiation/perseveration had a most prominent effect in the presence of 
      depressive symptoms and affected shopping for groceries and preparing meals. Lack 
      of interest and motivation, part of the depressive syndrome, compounded by 
      behavioral abnormalities resulting from executive dysfunction, may account for 
      this interaction. CONCLUSIONS: These relationships may provide the background for 
      developing interventions targeting functional deficits associated with specific 
      cognitive dysfunctions and depression.
FAU - Kiosses, Dimitris N
AU  - Kiosses DN
AD  - New York Presbyterian Hospital, 21 Bloomingdale Road, White Plains, NY 10605, 
      USA.
FAU - Alexopoulos, George S
AU  - Alexopoulos GS
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 MH 068638/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH 65653/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R37 MH 51842/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 MH 19132/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - Am J Geriatr Psychiatry
JT  - The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American 
      Association for Geriatric Psychiatry
JID - 9309609
SB  - IM
MH  - *Activities of Daily Living
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Attention
MH  - Depression/*complications/psychology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intellectual Disability/*complications/psychology
MH  - Logistic Models
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Memory
MH  - Middle Aged
EDAT- 2005/02/25 09:00
MHDA- 2005/08/12 09:00
CRDT- 2005/02/25 09:00
PHST- 2005/02/25 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/08/12 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/02/25 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1064-7481(12)61862-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1176/appi.ajgp.13.3.244 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005 Mar;13(3):244-9. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajgp.13.3.244.