PMID- 15759582
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050405
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 0018-9294 (Print)
IS  - 0018-9294 (Linking)
VI  - 52
IP  - 3
DP  - 2005 Mar
TI  - Implantable cardiac pacemaker electromagnetic compatibility testing in a novel 
      security system simulator.
PG  - 520-30
AB  - This paper describes a novel simulator to perform electromagnetic compatibility 
      (EMC) tests for active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) with electromagnetic 
      fields emitted by security systems. The security system simulator was developed 
      in response to over 100 incident reports over 17 years related to the 
      interference of AIMD's with security systems and the lack of a standardized test 
      method. The simulator was evaluated regarding field homogeneity, signal 
      distortion, and maximum magnetic field strength levels. Small three-axis probes 
      and a three-axis scanning system were designed to determine the spatial and 
      temporal characteristics of the fields emitted by 12 different types of walk 
      through metal detectors (WTMDs). Tests were performed on four implanted 
      pacemakers with a saline phantom and correlated to a newly developed test method 
      performed "in air" (without the phantom). Comparison of the simulator thresholds 
      with tests performed in real WTMDs showed that the simulator is able to mimic the 
      pacemaker interference. The interference thresholds found in the simulator 
      indicate that pulsed magnetic fields are more likely to cause interference in 
      pacemakers than sinusoidal fields. The security system simulator will help 
      biomedical engineers, manufacturers of medical devices, and manufacturers of 
      security systems to identify incompatible combinations of WTMDs and AIMDs early 
      in the development stage.
FAU - Kainz, Wolfgang
AU  - Kainz W
AD  - Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, 
      Rockville, MD 20851, USA. wxk@cdrh.fda.gov
FAU - Casamento, Jon P
AU  - Casamento JP
FAU - Ruggera, Paul S
AU  - Ruggera PS
FAU - Chan, Dulciana D
AU  - Chan DD
FAU - Witters, Donald M
AU  - Witters DM
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Validation Study
PL  - United States
TA  - IEEE Trans Biomed Eng
JT  - IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering
JID - 0012737
SB  - IM
MH  - *Electromagnetic Fields
MH  - Equipment Failure Analysis/*instrumentation/*methods
MH  - *Pacemaker, Artificial
MH  - *Prostheses and Implants
MH  - *Security Measures
EDAT- 2005/03/12 09:00
MHDA- 2005/04/06 09:00
CRDT- 2005/03/12 09:00
PHST- 2005/03/12 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/04/06 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/03/12 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1109/TBME.2004.843293 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2005 Mar;52(3):520-30. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2004.843293.