PMID- 15790519
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050726
LR  - 20181201
IS  - 0165-2478 (Print)
IS  - 0165-2478 (Linking)
VI  - 98
IP  - 1
DP  - 2005 Apr 15
TI  - The synergistic effect of phytohemagglutinin and interferon-gamma on the 
      expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from RAW 264.7 cells.
PG  - 137-43
AB  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a major cytokine of host immune 
      reaction by foreign agents. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) is a dynamic contributor to 
      mitogenic stimulation and augmentation of host immune defense. Interferon-gamma 
      (IFN-gamma) induces induction of cytokines in macrophages and lymphocytes. The 
      aim of this study was to examine the synergistic effects of PHA plus low dose 
      IFN-gamma on TNF-alpha mRNA production, cytosolic levels, and secretion in RAW 
      264.7 cells. The cells were stimulated with PHA or IFN-gamma using various 
      concentrations for various times. The effects of PHA on TNF-alpha expression 
      appeared in dose- and time-dependent manners. The maximum doses of PHA and 
      IFN-gamma to produce them were 300 microg/ml PHA and 10 ng/ml IFN-gamma. The 
      optimum time of PHA for the TNF-alpha mRNA production and release were 6 and 7 h 
      after stimulation, respectively, whereas the time of IFN-gamma on them was 
      achieved at 3 and 8 h. Although the TNF-alpha mRNA production, cytosolic levels, 
      and secretion from the cells were slightly detected under 10 microg/ml PHA and 1 
      ng/ml IFN-gamma, the combination of PHA (10 microg/ml) and IFN-gamma (1 ng/ml) 
      greatly increased them, indicating the synergistic effect of PHA plus low dose 
      IFN-gamma on TNF-alpha expression.
FAU - Chang, Sung Ho
AU  - Chang SH
AD  - Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Danwol dong, 
      Chungju 380-701, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Mun, Se Hwan
AU  - Mun SH
FAU - Ko, Na Young
AU  - Ko NY
FAU - Lee, Jun Ho
AU  - Lee JH
FAU - Jun, Myung Ha
AU  - Jun MH
FAU - Seo, Jin Young
AU  - Seo JY
FAU - Kim, Young Mi
AU  - Kim YM
FAU - Choi, Wahn Soo
AU  - Choi WS
FAU - Her, Erk
AU  - Her E
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20041215
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Immunol Lett
JT  - Immunology letters
JID - 7910006
RN  - 0 (Phytohemagglutinins)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Drug Synergism
MH  - Interferon-gamma/metabolism/*pharmacology
MH  - Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
MH  - Macrophages/drug effects/*metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - Microscopy, Confocal
MH  - Phytohemagglutinins/metabolism/*pharmacology
MH  - RNA, Messenger/metabolism
MH  - T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics/*metabolism
EDAT- 2005/03/26 09:00
MHDA- 2005/07/27 09:00
CRDT- 2005/03/26 09:00
PHST- 2004/09/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2004/10/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2004/10/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2005/03/26 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/07/27 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/03/26 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0165-2478(04)00302-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.imlet.2004.10.029 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Immunol Lett. 2005 Apr 15;98(1):137-43. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2004.10.029. Epub 
      2004 Dec 15.