PMID- 15791667
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050802
LR  - 20101118
IS  - 0197-3851 (Print)
IS  - 0197-3851 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 3
DP  - 2005 Mar
TI  - Comparison of two techniques for transcervical cell sampling performed in the 
      same study population.
PG  - 198-202
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the presence of 
      fetal cells in transcervical cell (TCC) samples collected in the first trimester 
      of pregnancy by two different procedures [mucus collection and intrauterine 
      lavage (IUL)], performed consecutively in the same subjects scheduled for 
      elective termination of pregnancy (TOP). METHODS: A total of 126 mucus/IUL sample 
      pairs were retrieved from pregnant women immediately before TOP at a gestational 
      age ranging from 7 to 12 weeks; at termination, samples of placental tissue were 
      collected in all cases. All mucus samples were analysed by a polymerase chain 
      reaction (PCR) assay and, in a subset of experiments involving 56 specimens, also 
      by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) procedure. IULs were divided in two 
      aliquots, one for PCR analysis and one for the preparation of FISH slides. All 
      placental tissue samples obtained at termination were analysed by FISH for fetal 
      sexing. The PCR assay for fetal sex determination was performed by using, in a 
      multiplex reaction, primers for SRY (Y chromosome sex-determining region, 738 bp) 
      and HUMARA (human androgen receptor on the X chromosome, 280 bp) genes. The FISH 
      analysis was carried out using direct-labelled commercial probes for X chromosome 
      alpha-satellite (DXZ1, Xp11.1-q11.1, spectrum green) and Y chromosome 
      alpha-satellite (DYZ3, Yp11.1-q11.1, spectrum orange) regions. RESULTS: In 
      samples from known male pregnancies (n = 67), full concordance between IUL and 
      mucus results could be found in 11 cases (16.4%); in 41 cases, Y chromosome 
      material was detected by FISH (n = 2), by PCR (n = 5) or both (n = 34) in IUL 
      samples, but not in the corresponding mucus samples. Y chromosome material was 
      not documented in 10 mucus/IUL sample pairs. In 5 cases, the FISH (n = 2), the 
      PCR (n = 1) or both (n = 2) failed to detect Y chromosome material in IULs, which 
      was detected, however, by PCR in the corresponding mucus samples. Overall, 
      correct sex prediction was achieved in 55/67 IULs (82%) and in 16/67 (23.9%) 
      mucus samples from male pregnancies. In samples from known female pregnancies (n 
      = 56), full concordance between results of IUL/mucus pairs and those on placental 
      samples could be found in 53 cases (94.6%); in 3 cases, Y chromosome material was 
      documented by PCR in mucus samples, but not in the corresponding IULs. Correct 
      sex prediction was therefore achieved in 56/56 IULs (100%) and in 53/56 (94.6%) 
      mucus samples from female pregnancies. CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence 
      that, among TCC sampling techniques, IUL, but not mucus collection, can yield 
      fetal cells in a constant and reliable fashion, which is a basic prerequisite for 
      possible clinical usage. This suggestion had already emerged from some previous 
      investigations but, owing to the study design, differences in study populations 
      can no longer be used to explain the very different and sometimes-conflicting 
      results reported in earlier studies.
CI  - Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FAU - Cioni, Riccardo
AU  - Cioni R
AD  - Department of Gynecology, Perinatology and Human Reproduction, University of 
      Florence, Viale Morgagni, Florence, Italy. rcioni@yahoo.it
FAU - Bussani, Cecilia
AU  - Bussani C
FAU - Scarselli, Benedetta
AU  - Scarselli B
FAU - Bucciantini, Sandra
AU  - Bucciantini S
FAU - Marchionni, Mauro
AU  - Marchionni M
FAU - Scarselli, Gianfranco
AU  - Scarselli G
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Prenat Diagn
JT  - Prenatal diagnosis
JID - 8106540
SB  - IM
MH  - Abortion, Induced
MH  - Cytodiagnosis/*methods
MH  - Cytological Techniques/*methods
MH  - *Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Diseases/*diagnosis
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy Trimester, First
MH  - Therapeutic Irrigation/methods
MH  - Uterus
EDAT- 2005/03/26 09:00
MHDA- 2005/08/03 09:00
CRDT- 2005/03/26 09:00
PHST- 2005/03/26 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/08/03 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/03/26 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/pd.1104 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Prenat Diagn. 2005 Mar;25(3):198-202. doi: 10.1002/pd.1104.