PMID- 15819252
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050725
LR  - 20190715
IS  - 0013-936X (Print)
IS  - 0013-936X (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 6
DP  - 2005 Mar 15
TI  - Influence of diesel engine combustion parameters on primary soot particle 
      diameter.
PG  - 1887-92
AB  - Effects of engine operating parameters and fuel composition on both primary soot 
      particle diameter and particle number size distribution in the exhaust of a 
      direct-injected heavy-duty diesel engine were studied in detail. An electrostatic 
      sampler was developed to deposit particles directly on transmission electron 
      microscopy (TEM) grids. Using TEM, the projected area equivalent diameter of 
      primary soot particles was determined. A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) 
      was used for the measurement of the particle number size distribution. Variations 
      in the main engine operating parameters (fuel injection system, air management, 
      and fuel properties) were made to investigate soot formation and oxidation 
      processes. Primary soot particle diameters determined by TEM measurements ranged 
      from 17.5 to 32.5 nm for the diesel fuel and from 24.1 to 27.2 nm for the 
      water-diesel emulsion fuel depending on the engine settings. For constant fuel 
      energy flow rate, the primary particle size from the water-diesel emulsion fuel 
      was slightly larger than that from the diesel fuel. A reduction in primary soot 
      particle diameter was registered when increasing the fuel injection pressure (IP) 
      or advancing the start of injection (SOI). Larger primary soot particle diameters 
      were measured while the engine was operating with exhaust gas recirculation 
      (EGR). Heat release rate analysis of the combustion process revealed that the 
      primary soot particle diameter decreased when the maximum flame temperature 
      increased for the diesel fuel.
FAU - Mathis, Urs
AU  - Mathis U
AD  - EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, 
      Uberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.
FAU - Mohr, Martin
AU  - Mohr M
FAU - Kaegi, Ralf
AU  - Kaegi R
FAU - Bertola, Andrea
AU  - Bertola A
FAU - Boulouchos, Konstantinos
AU  - Boulouchos K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol
JT  - Environmental science & technology
JID - 0213155
RN  - 0 (Vehicle Emissions)
RN  - 7440-44-0 (Carbon)
SB  - IM
MH  - Carbon/*analysis/*chemistry
MH  - Equipment Design
MH  - Hot Temperature
MH  - Incineration
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
MH  - Motor Vehicles
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Vehicle Emissions/*analysis
EDAT- 2005/04/12 09:00
MHDA- 2005/07/26 09:00
CRDT- 2005/04/12 09:00
PHST- 2005/04/12 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/07/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/04/12 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1021/es049578p [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Mar 15;39(6):1887-92. doi: 10.1021/es049578p.