PMID- 15841879
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050603
LR  - 20220423
IS  - 0033-2917 (Print)
IS  - 1469-8978 (Electronic)
IS  - 0033-2917 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 3
DP  - 2005 Mar
TI  - Stability of functional impairment in patients with schizotypal, borderline, 
      avoidant, or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder over two years.
PG  - 443-51
AB  - BACKGROUND: A defining feature of personality disorder (PD) is an enduring 
      pattern of inner experience and behavior that is stable over time. Follow-up and 
      follow-along studies have shown considerable diagnostic instability of PDs, 
      however, even over short intervals. What, then, about personality disorder is 
      stable? The purpose of this study was to determine the stability of impairment in 
      psychosocial functioning in patients with four different PDs, in contrast to 
      patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and no PD, prospectively over a 
      2-year period. METHOD: Six hundred treatment-seeking or treated patients were 
      recruited primarily from clinical services in four metropolitan areas of the 
      Northeastern USA. Patients were assigned to one of five diagnostic groups: 
      schizotypal (STPD) (n=81), borderline (BPD) (n=155), avoidant (AVPD) (n=137), or 
      obsessive-compulsive (OCPD) (n=142) personality disorders or MDD and no PD 
      (n=85), based on the results of semi-structured interview assessments and 
      self-report measures. Impairment in psychosocial functioning was measured using 
      the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation (LIFE) at baseline and at three 
      follow-up assessments. RESULTS: Significant improvement in psychosocial 
      functioning occurred in only three of seven domains of functioning and was 
      largely the result of improvements in the MDD and no PD group. Patients with BPD 
      or OCPD showed no improvement in functioning overall, but patients with BPD who 
      experienced change in personality psychopathology showed some improvement in 
      functioning. Impairment in social relationships appeared most stable in patients 
      with PDs. CONCLUSION: Impairment in functioning, especially social functioning, 
      may be an enduring component of personality disorder.
FAU - Skodol, Andrew E
AU  - Skodol AE
AD  - New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, 
      USA. aes4@columbia.edu
FAU - Pagano, Maria E
AU  - Pagano ME
FAU - Bender, Donna S
AU  - Bender DS
FAU - Shea, M Tracie
AU  - Shea MT
FAU - Gunderson, John G
AU  - Gunderson JG
FAU - Yen, Shirley
AU  - Yen S
FAU - Stout, Robert L
AU  - Stout RL
FAU - Morey, Leslie C
AU  - Morey LC
FAU - Sanislow, Charles A
AU  - Sanislow CA
FAU - Grilo, Carlos M
AU  - Grilo CM
FAU - Zanarini, Mary C
AU  - Zanarini MC
FAU - McGlashan, Thomas H
AU  - McGlashan TH
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 MH 50840/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH050850-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH 50838/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH 50839/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - L30 AA014994/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH050837/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH 50837/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH050839-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K01 AA015137/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH 50850/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH050840/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K05 MH001654/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K05 MH 01654/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH050839/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH050837-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH050840-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH050838/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K05 MH001654-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH050850/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - Psychol Med
JT  - Psychological medicine
JID - 1254142
SB  - IM
MH  - *Activities of Daily Living
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Personality Disorders/*psychology
MH  - Prognosis
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
MH  - *Social Behavior
PMC - PMC3272760
MID - NIHMS349852
EDAT- 2005/04/22 09:00
MHDA- 2005/06/04 09:00
PMCR- 2012/02/06
CRDT- 2005/04/22 09:00
PHST- 2005/04/22 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/06/04 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/04/22 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/02/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1017/s003329170400354x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychol Med. 2005 Mar;35(3):443-51. doi: 10.1017/s003329170400354x.